Direct recycling of Li-ion batteries from cell to pack level:Challenges and prospects on technology,scalability,sustainability,and economics  

作　　者：Joseph Jegan Roy Do Minh Phuong Vivek Verma Richa Chaudhary Michael Carboni Daniel Meyer Bin Cao Madhavi Srinivasan 

机构地区：[1]Energy Research Institute@NTU(ERI@N),SCARCE Laboratory,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore,Singapore [2]School of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore,Singapore [3]CEA,CNRS,ENSCM,University of Montpellier,UMR 5257(ICSM),Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex,France [4]School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore,Singapore

出　　处：《Carbon Energy》2024年第6期1-39,共39页碳能源（英文）

基　　金：National Research Foundation Singapore and National Environment Agency Singapore,Grant/Award Number:CTRL-2023-1D-01。

摘　　要：Direct recycling is a novel approach to overcoming the drawbacks of conventional lithium-ion battery(LIB)recycling processes and has gained considerable attention from the academic and industrial sectors in recent years.The primary objective of directly recycling LIBs is to efficiently recover and restore the active electrode materials and other components in the solid phase while retaining electrochemical performance.This technology's advantages over traditional pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy are costeffectiveness,energy efficiency,and sustainability,and it preserves the material structure and morphology and can shorten the overall recycling path.This review extensively discusses the advancements in the direct recycling of LIBs,including battery sorting,pretreatment processes,separation of cathode and anode materials,and regeneration and quality enhancement of electrode materials.It encompasses various approaches to successfully regenerate high-value electrode materials and streamlining the recovery process without compromising their electrochemical properties.Furthermore,we highlight key challenges in direct recycling when scaled from lab to industries in four perspectives:(1)battery design,(2)disassembling,(3)electrode delamination,and(4)commercialization and sustainability.Based on these challenges and changing market trends,a few strategies are discussed to aid direct recycling efforts,such as binders,electrolyte selection,and alternative battery designs;and recent transitions and technological advancements in the battery industry are presented.

关 键 词：battery design cathode regeneration direct recycling graphite recycling lithium-ion battery scaling-up 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]