考虑底坡影响的U形渠道量水槽流量公式研究  

Study on stage-discharge formula of measuring flume in U-shaped channel considering the influence of channel bottom slope

作　　者：戚玉彬[1] QI Yubin(Yili Vocational and Technical College,Yining 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]伊犁职业技术学院,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《中国水利水电科学研究院学报（中英文）》2024年第4期387-396,共10页Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2021D01F03)。

摘　　要：渠道底坡是影响输水能力的重要因素,但量水槽流量公式往往忽略渠道底坡。为了探究渠道底坡对流量公式的影响,以三角形量水槽为研究对象,在6种底坡的U形渠道上开展田间试验。应用能量方程式推求了流量的理论公式,基于量纲分析法分别建立不包含和包含渠道底坡的流量公式,探讨渠道底坡影响流量公式的范围。流量的理论公式表明渠道底坡是影响量水槽流量公式的因素之一。与不包含渠道底坡的流量公式相比,包含渠道底坡的流量公式测流精度显著提高,平均相对误差从2.92%降低至1.65%,最大相对误差从12.22%减小至7.37%,相对误差绝对值小于5%的比例从80.94%提升至95.89%。渠道底坡影响三角形量水槽流量公式的范围界定为1100~1/1200,当渠道底坡小于11200时可以忽略。量水槽流量公式应考虑渠道底坡的影响。The channel bottom slope is an important factor affecting the water delivery capacity,but the channel bottom slope is often ignored in the stage-discharge formula of measuring flume.To investigate the influence of channel bottom slope on the stage-discharge formula,field experiments were conducted on U-shaped channels with six types of channel bottom slopes,using triangular prism flumes as the research object.The theoretical formula of flow was deduced by using energy equation.Based on dimensional analysis and discharge coefficient,the stage-discharge formula without and with channel bottom slope were established respectively.The range of channel bottom slope that affects the stage-discharge formula was explored.The theoretical formula of flow shows that the channel bottom slope is one of the factor that affects the stage-discharge formula of the water measuring flume.Compared with the stage-discharge formula without channel bottom slope,the flow measurement accuracy of the stage-discharge formula with channel bottom slope is significantly improved.The average relative error decreases from 2.92%to 1.65%,the maximum relative error decreases from 12.22%to 7.37%,and the proportion of absolute relative error less than 5%increases from 80.94%to 95.89%.The range of channel bottom slope that affects the stage-discharge formula of the triangular prism flume is defined as 1100 to 1/1200,and can be ignored when the channel bottom slope is less than 11200.The influence of channel bottom slope should be considered in the stage-discharge formula of measuring flume in open channel along slope.

关 键 词：流量公式 渠道底坡 流量测量 三角形量水槽 能量方程 

分 类 号：TV132.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]