北宋河北路缘边巡检及巡防体系  

Borderland Military Inspector of the Hebei Circuit and the Defense System during the Northern Song

作　　者：吴丹华 Wu Danhua

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《唐宋历史评论》2024年第1期196-216,共21页

摘　　要：保州缘边都巡检司肇建于五代,缘边战棹司创置于宋太宗朝,二巡检司兵卒以寨或铺为单位驻扎在自西山以东至泥姑海口之间山地、平原、塘泊和界河南岸沿线。在庆历七年(1047)以前,二巡检司是较为独立的缘边军事巡防机构,兵卒以职业兵性质的禁军为主,由武将统领本司兵马出征或巡徼边地,不受行营都部署节制,在此基础上形成的河北缘边巡防体系是较为单纯的军事巡防体系。庆历七年以后,二巡检司成为河北缘边安抚司的属司,缘边巡检仍拥有本司兵马的领兵权,但须听从河北缘边安抚使的指挥。这标志着河北缘边军事防御和控制体系的整体转变:缘边巡防体系与边地社会的联系进一步加强,并逐步由单纯的军事巡防体系向军政合一的缘边控制体系演变。The Borderland Inspection Bureau of Baozhou was built in the Five Dynasties,and the Borderland War Bureau was founded in the Song Taizong period.The soldiers of these two Inspection bureaus were stationed in units of villages or shops in the mountains,plains,ponds and along the south bank of the boundary river from the east of Xishan to Nigu Haikou.Before the seventh year of Qingli Dynasty(1047),these two Inspection bureaus were relatively independent border military patrol agencies.The soldiers were mainly professional soldiers.The military generals led the troops and horses of the bureaus to go on expeditions or patrol the border areas,and were not commanded by the Residential Military Camps.The Hebei border patrol system formed on this basis is a relatively simple military patrol system.After the seventh year of Qingli,these two Inspection bureaus became subordinate units under the Hebei Borderland Appeasement Bureau.The Borderland Inspection Bureau still had the right to lead the troops of the bureau,but it had to obey the command and jurisdiction of the Hebei Borderland Appeasement Commissioner.This marks the overall transformation of Hebei’s border military defense and control system:the border patrol system’s connection with border society has been further strengthened,and it has gradually evolved from a pure military patrol system to a military-political border control system.

关 键 词：保州缘边都巡检司 缘边战棹司 缘边巡防 河北 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K244[政治法律—中外政治制度]