大安灌区沟渠系统底泥氟形态分布特征及影响因素  

Distribution and influencing factors of subsoil fluorine forms of the ditch system in Daan Irrigation District

作　　者：刘宝勇 李室余 张文广[2] 郭岳 李蕊 严硕 张锦 申敏琰 LIU Bao-yong;LI Shi-yu;ZHANG Wen-guang;GUO Yue;LI Rui;YAN Shuo;ZHANG Jin;SHEN Min-yan(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin 123000,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;The Office of Wetland Conservation and Management of Jilin Province,Changchun 130022,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun 130022,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [3]吉林省湿地保护管理办公室,吉林长春130022 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]长春理工大学,吉林长春130022

出　　处：《环境生态学》2024年第7期85-91,共7页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项:基于健康水循环的灌区-湿地系统水量水质综合调控(XDA28020502)资助。

摘　　要：氟是一种广泛分布于自然界的化学元素,对环境和人体健康具有重要影响。采用连续分级浸提法,测定了大安灌区农田退水沟渠底泥中总氟及不同形态氟含量,分析了农田开垦年限、植被覆盖水平及底泥理化性质对氟形态分布的影响。结果表明:不同形态氟浓度随开垦年限的增加均呈现上升趋势。在底泥pH值为8.09~10.24的碱性环境下,底泥水溶态氟、可交换态氟浓度与pH值呈显著正相关,铁锰结合态氟、有机束缚态氟浓度与pH值呈显著负相关;底泥总氟与总磷含量、黏粒占比呈显著正相关,与总氮含量呈显著负相关。在有植被覆盖的沟渠内,底泥黏粒占比较高,水溶态氟、可交换态氟和有机束缚态氟含量显著高于无植被覆盖的区域,表明植被覆盖是灌区退水沟渠系统氟形态分布及迁移转化的重要影响因素。因此,通过降低底泥pH值、减少磷肥使用量以及提高沟渠植被覆盖水平等手段能够降低灌区水土环境中氟的生物有效性,从而减轻生态风险。该结论可为灌区农田治理及生态修复提供理论参考。Fluorine is a chemical element widely distributed in nature,which has an important impact on environment and human health.The content of total fluorine and different forms of fluorine in the subsoil of farmland drainage ditches are determined by the sequential extraction procedure,and the effects of farmland planting years,vegetation cover and subsoil physicochemical properties on the distribution of fluorine forms are discussed.The results indicate that the concentration of different forms of fluorine shows an upward trend with the increase of farmland planting years.Under the alkaline environment with subsoil pH between 8.09 and 10.24,the content of Ws-F and Ex-F are significantly positively correlated with pH,and the concentration of Fe/Mn-F and Or-F are significantly negatively correlated with pH;The content of TF is significantly positively correlated with TP and the specific gravity of clay grains,but significantly negatively correlated with the content of TN.In the ditches with vegetation cover,the percentage of subsoil clay particles is higher,and the contents of Ws-F,Ex-F and Or-F are significantly higher than those in the area without vegetation cover,indicating that vegetation cover is an important factor influencing the distribution,migration and transformation of fluorine.Therefore,lowering subsoil pH,reducing phosphorus fertilizer use,and increasing ditch vegetation cover can reduce the bioavailability of fluorine in subsoil-water system,thereby reducing ecological risks.The conclusion can provide theoretical references for farmland management and ecological restoration in irrigation districts.

关 键 词：大安灌区 沟渠底泥 氟形态 分布特征 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F205[经济管理—国民经济]