汤加灾后国际救援的开展及对中国启示  

The Launching of International Relief after the Tonga Disaster and Its Enlightenment to China

作　　者：李雪威 李佳兴 LI Xue-wei;LI Jia-xing(Institute of International Studies,Shandong University,Weihai Shandong 264209,China;School of Northeast Asia Studies,Shandong University,Weihai Shandong 264209,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学国际问题研究院,山东威海264209 [2]山东大学东北亚学院,山东威海264209

出　　处：《江南社会学院学报》2024年第1期74-80,共7页Journal of Jiangnan Social University

摘　　要：“一带一路”沿线国家汤加遭遇突发性自然灾害后,多方国际力量参与到人道主义救援之中,形成多元化救援体系,协调有序展开救灾物资运送、基金募集、服务支援队派遣及灾后恢复重建工作。但此次国际救援也面临诸多困境,如COVID-19的蔓延阻碍救援效率、灾害造成的连锁式破坏提升救援难度、太平洋地缘战略竞争对中国参与救援的排斥等。面对上述问题,国际社会签署“无接触式”救援协议,帮助汤加建立完善医疗服务与防疫系统,制定具有针对性的救援方案。借鉴汤加灾后国际救援行动经验,中国应树立友好合作的国际形象,升级和完善现有国际合作机制,重视国内法律的完善与军事力量调用的合法性,综合提升中国在国际救援中的能力建设。After Tonga suffered a sudden natural disaster in a country along “the Belt and Road”,many international forces participated in humanitarian relief,formed a diversified relief system,and coordinated and orderly carried out disaster relief material delivery,fund raising,service support team dispatch and post-disaster recovery and reconstruction work.However,this international rescue also faces many difficulties,such as the spread of COVID-19 which hinder the efficiency of rescue,the chain destruction caused by disasters making rescue more difficult,and the exclusion of China's participation in rescue by geostrategic competition in the Pacific.In the face of the above problems,the international community signed a “contactless” rescue agreement to help Tonga establish and improve its medical service and epidemic prevention system,and formulate targeted rescue plans.Learning from Tonga's post-disaster international rescue operations,China should establish an international image of friendship and cooperation,upgrade and improve existing international cooperation regimes attach importance to the improvement of domestic laws and the legality of the use of military forces,and comprehensively enhance China's capacity building in international relief.

关 键 词：汤加 突发性灾害 国际救援合作 海外应急管理 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]