分布式无线组网超宽带穿墙雷达系统设计与联合定位  

The Design and Joint Positioning Method of an ultra-wideband Through-wall Radar System for Distributed Wireless Networking

作　　者：刘新 朱海滨 刘宗强 薛长虎 穆雅鑫 渠晓东 叶盛波[4] 夏正欢 方广有[4] LIU Xin;ZHU Haibin;LIU Zongqiang;XUE Changhu;MU Yaxin;QU Xiaodong;YE Shengbo;XIA Zhenghuan;FANG Guangyou(Beijing Institute of Satellite Information Engineering,Beijing 100095,China;Beijing Information Science and Technology University,Beijing 100101,China;Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]北京卫星信息工程研究所,北京100095 [2]北京信息科技大学机构,北京100101 [3]北京理工大学,北京100081 [4]中国科学院机构空天信息创新研究院,北京100190

出　　处：《雷达学报（中英文）》2024年第4期747-760,共14页Journal of Radars

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3002100,2023YFB3905505);国家自然科学基金(61601438,62201573);北京信息科技大学校基金(2021XJJ22)。

摘　　要：单发单收穿墙雷达具备便携、系统简单、可独立工作等优势,但难以实现目标二维定位与跟踪。该文基于便携式单发单收雷达设计了一套分布式无线组网穿墙雷达系统,同时提出了一种目标联合定位方法,能够兼顾系统便携、低成本和目标二维信息估计。首先,设计了基于互补格雷码发射波形的超宽带雷达系统,解决了同频段多台雷达同时工作互相干扰的问题;分布式无线组网超宽带穿墙雷达系统包括3个雷达节点,并通过无线模块与数据处理中心通信。其次,提出了一种基于行为认知理论和模板匹配相结合的数据同步方法,通过识别各雷达数据中的相同运动状态来解决无线组网雷达慢时同步问题,摆脱了传统同步方法对硬件的苛刻要求。最后,提出基于Levenberg-Marquardt(L-M)最优化算法的雷达位置自估计和目标位置求解方法,实现了无先验雷达节点位置信息下的目标快速定位与跟踪。通过仿真分析与实验验证,该文设计的无线组网雷达系统可以实现目标二维定位与实时跟踪,雷达自身位置的估计精度优于0.06 m,对运动人体目标定位精度优于0.62 m。Through-wall radar systems with single transmitter and receiver have the advantages of portability,simplicity,and independent operation;however,they cannot accomplish two-dimensional(2D)localization and tracking of targets.This paper proposes distributed wireless networking for through-wall radar systems based on a portable single transmitter and single receiver radar.Moreover,a target joint positioning method is proposed in this study,which can balance system portability,low cost,and target 2D information estimation.First,a complementary Gray code transmission waveform is utilized to overcome the issue of mutual interference when multiple radars operate simultaneously in the same frequency band,and each radar node communicates with the processing center via wireless modules,forming a distributed wireless networking radar system.In addition,a data synchronization method combines the behavioral cognition theory and template matching,which identifies identical motion states in data obtained from different radars,realizing slow-time synchronization among distributed radars and thereby eliminating the strict hardware requirements of conventional synchronization methods.Finally,a joint localization method based on Levenberg-Marquardt is proposed,which can simultaneously estimate the positions of radar nodes and targets without requiring prior radar position information.Simulation and field experiments are performed,and the results reveal that the distributed wireless networking radar system developed in this study can obtain 2D target positions and track moving targets in real time.The estimation accuracy of the radar’s own position is less than 0.06 m,and the positioning accuracy of moving human targets is less than 0.62 m.

关 键 词：超宽带穿墙雷达 分布式组网 无线组网 数据同步 联合定位 

分 类 号：TN953[电子电信—信号与信息处理]