含沙水流下水翼磨损形貌试验研究  

Experimental study of erosion wear on hy-drofoils with emphasis on wear morphology

作　　者：钟琴琴 钱忠东[1,2] ZHONG Qinqin;QIAN Zhongdong(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430072,China;Hydropower Research Center for Himalaya Region,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学喜马拉雅水电研究中心,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2024年第8期794-801,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China(52279090,51779186)。

摘　　要：泥沙磨损是含沙河流上运行的水力机械面临的关键难题.文中以水翼为研究对象,在0°攻角和5种不同流量工况(143,153,163,173,183 m^(3)/h)下开展泥沙磨损试验研究.采用光学显微镜和三维白光干涉轮廓仪对水翼表面的磨损形貌进行观测与分类,并分析泥沙磨损的机制.结果表明,水翼表面有4种主要磨损形貌,包括冲击坑、微犁削引起的光滑沟槽、微切削引起的尖锐沟槽和划痕.此外,还观察到空化引起的彩虹环和边界层转捩引起的条纹状形貌.其中,水翼前缘主要分布冲击坑和光滑沟槽,水翼中部观察到4种主要磨损形貌和彩虹环,水翼尾缘主要分布冲击坑、尖锐沟槽和条纹状形貌.水翼的泥沙磨损的机制包括挤压、微犁削、微切削、滑擦和热效应等.Erosion wear is a major challenge for hydraulic machinery operating in sediment-laden rivers.Erosion wear tests were conducted on a hydrofoil at 0°of attack with five different flow rates(143,153,163,173,and 183 m^(3)/h),and an optical microscope was used together with an optical 3D profiler to improve the understanding of the wear morphologies.The results show four main wear morphologies on the hydrofoil which includes pits,smooth grooves,sharp grooves,and scratches.Additionally,iridescent rings and ripple patterns are observed.On the leading edge of the hydrofoil,pits and smooth grooves are mainly observed.Four wear morphologies and iridescent rings are discovered as well in the middle of hydrofoil.On the trailing edge,pits,sharp grooves,and ripple patterns are found.The dominant wear mechanisms and sub-mechanisms on the hydrofoil are surface fatigue(indenting),abrasion(microploughing,micro-cutting,and sliding),and tribochemical reactions(heating).

关 键 词：水力机械 水翼 泥沙磨损 磨损形貌 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]