甘薯斑驳坏死病发生的温度效应和防控药剂筛选  

Temperature effects on the development of sweetpotato mottled necrosis caused by Globisporangium ultimum var.ultimum and effective fungicides screening

作　　者：王容燕[1] 高波[1] 李秀花[1] 陈书龙[1] 马娟[1] WANG Rongyan;GAO Bo;LI Xiuhua;CHEN Shulong;MA Juan(Institute of Plant Protection,Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/IPM Centre of Hebei Province/Key Laboratory of IPM on Crops in Northern Region of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province,Baoding 071000,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所,河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心,农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,河北省作物有害生物综合防治国际科技联合研究中心,河北保定071000

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2024年第3期617-624,共8页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：国家甘薯产业技术体系(CARS-10);河北省重点研发计划(21326517D);河北省农林科学院创新工程项目(2022KJCXZX-ZBS-5)。

摘　　要：由终极腐霉Globisporangium ultimum var.ultimum引起的甘薯斑驳坏死病是我国新报道的一种病害,在甘薯收获末期与贮藏前期造成严重危害。为有效控制该病的发生,分别在离体与活体条件下测试了终极腐霉的适宜生长温度以及甘薯斑驳坏死病发生的温度效应,在此基础上评价了10种杀菌剂对终极腐霉的毒力以及对甘薯斑驳坏死病的防控效果。试验结果表明,终极腐霉在离体条件下适宜的生长温度为30℃。在薯块上甘薯斑驳坏死病发生的最佳温度为20℃。在离体15℃、20℃、23℃、25℃条件下测试,精甲霜·锰锌在15℃时的毒力高于其它温度;吡唑醚菌酯和霜脲·锰锌在23℃、25℃时的毒力低于15℃、20℃时的毒力,氟菌·霜霉威在25℃时的毒力低于15℃、20℃、23℃,而氟噻唑吡乙酮、喹啉铜在不同温度下毒力差异不大。在20℃条件下薯片上的活体测定结果表明,6种杀菌剂对甘薯斑驳坏死病的保护作用明显高于治疗作用,其中精甲霜·锰锌、氟菌·霜霉威的保护作用和治疗效果明显高于其它4种杀菌剂。Sweetpotato mottled necrosis caused by Globisporangium ultimum var.ultimum is a newly reported disease in China.It causes severe yield losses in the end of harvest or early stage of storage.In order to effectively control the disease,temperature effect on the pathogen growth and the disease developing were tested in vivo and in vitro,then the toxicities of 10 fungicides to G.ultimum and their control efficacy to mottled necrosis were evaluated.The results showed that the optimum temperature for the growth of G.ultimum on PDA was found to be 30℃,while the disease development on sweetpotato roots was optimal at 20℃.In the temperature effect test for the toxicities of different fungicides to G.ultimum on PDA,the toxicity of metalaxyl-M·mancozeb was the highest at 15℃among different temperatures tested at 15℃,20℃,23℃,and 25℃,while pyraclostrobin and cymoxanil·mancozeb were more effective at 15℃and 20℃compared to higher temperatures at 23℃and 25℃.The toxicity of fluopicolide·propamocarb hydrochloride was the lowest at 25℃among the temperatures tested,whereas those for oxathiapiprolin and oxine-copper were not affected by the temperatures.The protective effects for those fungicides were higher than their therapeutic effects in vivo.Both of protective effects and the therapeutic effects of metalaxyl-M·mancozeb and fluopicolide·propamocarb hydrochloride were higher than those of other fungicides tested.

关 键 词：甘薯 斑驳坏死病 终极腐霉 杀菌剂 毒力 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]