基于机构和机器组成原理的机构结构化正向设计方法  

Structured forward design method based on principles of mechanism and machine composition

作　　者：申会鹏 郭家宝 韩春阳 李行雨 张天宇 王德伦[3] SHEN Huipeng;GUO Jiabao;HAN Chunyang;LI Hangyu;ZHANG Tianyu;WANG Delun(School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Key Laboratory for Super Abrasive Grinding Equipment,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学机电工程学院,河南郑州450001 [2]河南省超硬磨料磨削装备重点实验室,河南郑州450001 [3]大连理工大学机械工程学院,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《机电工程》2024年第7期1135-1148,共14页Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering

基　　金：河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2023GGJS060);河南工业大学青年骨干教师培育计划项目(2022-0503/21420191);辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关专项(2021JH1/10400099)。

摘　　要：针对功能需求到结构方案的创新设计问题,提出了一种基于机构和机器组成原理的机构结构化正向设计方法。首先,基于状态变换空间方法,建立了基本机构单元库,设计了机构构型与尺度,求解了机构的多样化运动方案;然后,根据运动副的约束类型和性质,建立了运动副的几何约束构型,利用优化设计方法,设计了运动副结构方案;研究了复合构件的载荷、约束与结构尺度的关系模型,提出了复合构件的概念单元设计方法,设计了执行与传动机构及驱动构件;最后,遵循零件性能(强度、刚度)要求与工艺性准则,建立了机构单元结构及整机结构设计方法,并使用压力机进行了案例验证。研究结果表明:根据设计方法可得到5种一级机构、105种二级机构、735种三级机构及6种移动副方案和15种回转副方案,组合设计出的压力机方案可满足设计要求,验证了该方法的有效性,证明该机构结构化正向设计方法可为解决机构和机器创新设计问题提供新途径,缩短设计周期。A novel design method for structurally-oriented design of mechanisms based on the principles of mechanism and machine composition was proposed to address the innovative design issues from functional requirements to structural solutions.Firstly,a basic mechanism unit library was established based on the state transition space method,and the configuration and scale of the mechanisms was designed to obtain diverse motion schemes.Then,considering the constraint types and properties of motion pairs,geometric constraint configurations of motion pairs were established,and an optimization design method was employed to design the structural solutions for the motion pairs.Furthermore,a relationship model between the load,constraint,and structural scale of composite components was studied,and a conceptual unit design method for composite components was proposed to design the actuation and transmission mechanisms,as well as the driving components.Finally,following the requirements of part performance(strength,stiffness)and process criteria,design methods for mechanism unit structures and overall machine structures were established,and the designed press machine scheme was validated through case verification.The research results demonstrate that the design method yields 5 primary mechanisms,105 secondary mechanisms,735 tertiary mechanisms,6 mobile pair schemes,and 15 rotary pair schemes.The combined design of the press machine scheme satisfies the design requirements,thus confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method.In conclusion,the structurally-oriented design method for mechanisms presented in this study provides a new approach to address the issues of mechanism and machine innovation design,shortening the design cycle.

关 键 词：机构单元库 机构构型与尺度 几何约束构型 机构单元 概念单元设计 模块化设计 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]