全球海洋气象导航业务和技术研究进展  

Research Progress in Global Marine Meteorological Navigation Operation and Technology

作　　者：黄萧霖 徐晶 金铸钰 鲍瑞娟 朱建广 Huang Xiaolin;Xu Jing;Jin Zhuyul;Bao Ruijuan;Zhu Jianguang(Qingdao Joint Institute of Marine Meteorology,Qingdao 266034;Qingdao Meteorological Observatory,Qingdao 266003;Fujian Key Laboratory of Severe Weather/Key Open Laboratory of Cross-Strait Severe Weather of China Meteorological Administration,Fuzhou 350028;Shandong Port Qingdao Science and Technology Group Co.,Ltd,Qingdao 266071)

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋气象研究院,青岛266034 [2]青岛市气象台,青岛266003 [3]福建省灾害天气重点实验室/中国气象局海峡灾害天气重点开放实验室,福州350028 [4]山东港口青岛科技集团有限公司,青岛266071

出　　处：《气象科技进展》2024年第3期30-39,共10页Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3004200);中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费专项基金项目(2023Y023);中国气象局远洋气象导航重点创新团队资助(CMA2023ZD07);中国气象局创新发展专项青年项目(CXFZ2024Q009)。

摘　　要：海洋气象导航是指为船舶从确定的出发点到目标点之间的海上航行规划出最佳航线的过程。该过程需根据船舶航行任务设定优化目标,如时间最优化或能效最大化等,结合船舶航行所在海域的特性、气象预报数据、船舶性能、技术条件和航行要求等约束条件,为船舶规划从出发点到目标点间安全、省时、节能和经济的航线,实现航行的最佳效果。本文对近年来国内外海洋气象导航业务及航线规划技术进行调研,综合考虑了海洋水文气象要素和海上灾害性天气对船舶航线的影响,以及在航线规划中规避风险的关键技术,分析了国内外关于航线规划优选方法的研究现状,并对存在的问题进行探讨,对未来进行展望。Marine meteorological navigation refers to the planning of best route for marine navigation from the initial departure point to the destination.This process requires setting an optimization goal according to the specific navigation task(such as optimizing the navigation time,or maximizing energy efficiency)and takes into account various constraints including the characteristics of maritime navigation area,meteorological forecast data,ship performance,technical conditions,and navigation requirements.The aim is to plan a route that is safe,time-efficient,energy-saving,and economical,thereby achieving the best navigation outcome.We investigate the operation of marine meteorological navigation and route planning technologies at home and abroad,and comprehensively examine the impact of marine hydrological and meteorological factors and marine severe weather on route planning.Key technologies in risk avoidance for route design is also discussed.Furthermore,we analyze the current state of research on optimal route design methods both domestically and internationally,discuss the existing issues,and look towards the future.

关 键 词：海洋气象导航 航线优选 航速优化 

分 类 号：P4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]