基于LOADEST模型的北极三大冻土河流污染物输出特征分析  

Analysis of characterization of pollutant output from three major Arctic tundra rivers based on the LOADEST model

作　　者：储友欢 石雯晶 Chu Youhuan;Shi Wenjing(School of Water Resources and Hydropower,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水利水电学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《吉林水利》2024年第8期7-15,共9页Jilin Water Resources

摘　　要：本文以勒拿河、叶尼塞河和鄂毕河3条北极冻土河流为研究流域,利用LOADEST模型建立了径流对河流污染物输出的预测模型,分析了污染物输移量年际间变化、河流污染物输出的季节性规律,阐述了径流和污染物输出浓度之间的关系。结果表明:北极3条大河的NH_(4)^(+)、NO_(3)^(-)、PO_(4)^(3-)、TDN、TDP、TSS的多年平均通量分别为39.24Gg/yr、115.75Gg/yr、12.74Gg/yr、535.83Gg/yr、28.49Gg/yr、33437.83 Gg/yr,且3条河流关键污染物总体输移量呈现下降趋势;3条河流径流量存在相似的季节分布特征,1~4月径流量较小,于6月达到峰值;PO_(4)^(3-)、TDN、TDP、TSS的输移主要发生在春、夏季,NH_(4)^(+)、NO_(3)^(-)的输移主要发生在冬季,其中TSS、PO_(4)^(3-)的浓度随径流量增加而升高,NH_(4)^(+)、NO_(3)^(-)的浓度随径流量增加而降低,3条河流的TDP和TDN变化不一致。研究结果可为北极大河流域径流量变化和污染物输移过程提供数据支撑,并为国内研究提供参考。In this paper,the predictive modeling of runoff on pollutant output from rivers using the LOADEST model was developed using the Lena River,Yenisei River,and Obi River as the study basins.The paper analyzes the interannual variability of pollutant transport,the seasonal pattern of pollutant output from rivers,and describes the relationship between runoff and pollutant output concentrations.The results show that:the multi-year average fluxes of NH_(4)^(+),NO_(3)^(-),PO_(4)^(3-),TDN,TDP,and TSS in the three major Arctic rivers are 39.24 Gg/yr,115.75 Gg/yr,12.74 Gg/yr,535.83 Gg/yr,28.49 Gg/yr,33437.83 Gg/yr,respectively,and the overall transport of key pollutants in the three rivers shows a decreasing trend;the runoff volume of the three rivers has similar seasonal distribution characteristics of the three rivers,the runoff volume is small from January to April,and all three rivers peak in June;the transport of PO_(4)^(3-),TDN,TDP,and TSS mainly occurs in spring and summer,and the transport of NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)mainly occurs in winter;the concentrations of TSS and PO_(4)^(3-)become larger as the runoff volume becomes larger,and the concentrations of NH_(4)^(+)and NO_(3)^(-)decrease with the increase of runoff,and the concentrations of TDP and TDN do not change with the increase of runoff.The results of the study can provide data and reference on runoff changes and pollutant transport processes in the Great Arctic River Basin.

关 键 词：污染物输移 净流量变化 季节性变化 

分 类 号：P332.1[天文地球—水文科学] P426.6[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X143[天文地球—地球物理学]