引水式水电站进水口水沙运动特性试验研究  

Characteristics of Water and Sediment Movement in the Intake of Diversion Type Hydropower Station

作　　者：谭海涛 张杨 李金轩 刘昉[2] TAN Hai-tao;ZHANG Yang;LI Jin-xuan;LIU Fang(Yalong River Hydropower Development Co.Ltd.,Chengdu 610095,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司,四川成都610095 [2]天津大学水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津300350

出　　处：《海河水利》2024年第7期68-72,85,共6页Haihe Water Resources

基　　金：雅砻江流域水电开发有限公司科技项目(YLLS-LSAZD2021092)。

摘　　要：为探究引水式水电站进水口的水沙运动特性,以某大型引水式水电站为例开展模型试验研究,分析了纵断面流速分布和河床泥沙冲淤分布,重点对比了不同工况下口门断面的流速分布情况。结果表明,来流量较小时,河道内横向流速分布较均匀,距离进水口越远的纵断面纵向流速下降速度越快,来流量较大时则相反;来流量越小,口门断面水流流速分布越均匀相似;水位越低,口门断面流速峰值位置越靠近下游;拦沙坎前泥沙淤积位置与口门断面流速峰值位置一致,越过拦沙坎的泥沙会被水流挟带至进水口上游侧平台前;在实际工程中,河道地形会对进水口区域水沙运动过程产生较大的影响。本研究成果可为类似工程规划设计提供参考。To investigate the water and sediment movement characteristics at the intake of the diversion type hydropower station,the physical modelling experiment was conducted taking a large-scale diversion type hydropower station as an example.The velocity distributions in the longitudinal section and the sediment erosion and deposition distribution in riverbed were analyzed,and the velocity distributions in the entrance section under different operating conditions were compared emphatically.The results indicated that when the inflow rate was low,the lateral velocity distribution in the river channel was relatively uniform,and the longitudinal velocity of the longitudinal section decreased faster as it was farther from the intake.Whereas,the opposite trend was observed at higher inflow rates.Additionally,the smaller inflow rates,the more uniform and similar distributions of flow velocities across the entrance sections,and the lower water levels,the closer to the downstream of the peak flow velocity of the entrance sections.The position of sediment deposition in front of the sand barrier was consistent with the position of peak flow velocity at the entrance section,and the sediment crossing the barrier would be carried by the flow to the side platform upstream of the intake.In practical engineering,the topography of the river channel would have a significant impact on the water and sediment movement process in the intake area.The research results can provide a reference for the planning and design similar engineering.

关 键 词：引水式水电站 进水口 水沙运动特性 物理模型试验 

分 类 号：TV741[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV149