基于农业废弃物的日光温室茄子栽培基质配方筛选研究  

Study on Screening of Eggplant Cultivation Substrate Formula in Solar Greenhouse Based on Agricultural Waste

作　　者：吴科生[1,2] 车宗贤 卢秉林[1,2] 张久东 杨蕊菊[1,2] 崔恒 WU Kesheng;CHE Zongxian;LU Binglin;ZHANG Jiudong;YANG Ruiju;CUI Heng(Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Gansu Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation and Agri-environment,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuwei Gansu 733017,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [2]农业农村部甘肃耕地保育与农业环境科学观测实验站,甘肃武威733017

出　　处：《寒旱农业科学》2024年第7期646-649,共4页Journal of Cold-Arid Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划(2022GAAS13);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1903700)。

摘　　要：通过对河西地区玉米秸秆、牛粪堆肥处理复配成基质,筛选适合当地日光温室茄子种植的最佳栽培基质配方,为农业废弃物循环利用提供科学依据。以“长茄1号”为指示品种,采用盆栽试验研究了不同配方基质下栽培茄子的生长和产量效益。结果表明,腐熟玉米秸秆、河沙、蛭石、腐熟牛粪、凹凸棒石粉、珍珠岩按体积比6∶1∶1∶1∶0.5∶0.5复配成栽培基质配方,茄子产量最高,为1.29 kg/株,净收益表现良好,为1.39元/株,茄子株高、茎粗、叶绿素含量、生物量、单株结果数等性状均为最优。该配方适宜在河西地区日光温室茄子基质栽培中应用推广。Through the composting of corn stover and cow dung in the Hexi region,the optimal cultivation substrate formulations suitable for local sunlight greenhouse eggplant cultivation were screened to provide a scientific basis for the recycling of agricultural wastes.The growth and yield benefits of eggplant cultivated under different formulations of substrates were studied in pot planting experiments with Changqie 1 as an indicator variety.The results showed that with the formulation of rotted corn stover:river sand:vermiculite:rotted cow dung:aconite powder:perlite compounded into the cultivation substrate according to the volume ratio of 6∶1∶1∶1∶0.5∶0.5,the eggplant yield was the highest and benefit was ideal,which were 1.29 kg/plant,1.39 Yuan/plant,respectively,and the eggplant plant height,stem thickness,chlorophyll content,biomass,and number of fruits per single plant were all the best.This formula is suitable for the application and promotion of eggplant substrate cultivation in solar greenhouse in the Hexi region.

关 键 词：茄子 栽培基质 日光温室 农业废弃物 基质化利用 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]