深部地下空间储能安全与应急保障技术现状与发展趋势  

Current status and development trend of safety and emergency support technology for energy storage in deep underground spaces

作　　者：张来斌[1,2] 胡瑾秋 肖尚蕊[1,2] 吴明远 ZHANG Laibin;HU Jinqiu;XIAO Shangrui;WU Mingyuan(College of Safety and Ocean Engineering,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Beijing 102249,China;Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Safety and Emergency Technology,Ministry of Emergency Management,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)安全与海洋工程学院,北京102249 [2]应急管理部油气生产安全与应急技术重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《石油科学通报》2024年第3期434-448,共15页Petroleum Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52234007);国家自然科学基金面上项目(52074323)联合资助。

摘　　要：伴随“三深引领”的科技攻关目标,我国油气资源勘探正由浅表地层向深部地层进发,千米级深部地下工程建设已成常态。随着深地工程的探索,枯竭油气藏、盐穴、采空区等可利用的深部地下空间涌现,深部地下空间在大规模能源储存利用上已被证明具有储量大、分布广、安全性高、经济成本低和环境友好等优势,深部地下空间工业化储能应用是优化我国能源储存结构、保障国家能源储存战略需求的有力手段。然而,我国对深部地下空间储能安全与应急保障技术研究起步较晚,目前常用的地面油气储存手段受限于地理环境、工程建设以及运输方式等条件,同时地面油气储备库事故存在致因因素复杂、关联性强、受灾波及范围广等安全难题,深部地下空间能源安全储存迫在眉睫。当下我国对深部地下空间储能的利用聚焦于枯竭油气藏的再开发,现有的深地安全保障技术落后于深地储能基础设施安全保障的现实需求。因此,本文系统性总结了深地储气、储氢、碳封存以及压缩空气蓄能等深地储能技术研究现状,以能源行业绿色转型兼备战略能源安全储存为目标,强调能源储存、碳封存以及资源深度开采的三位一体,提出了深地空间储能利用双碳循环架构。同时系统性辨识了深地储能设备设施面临的风险,涵盖深地储能设计期、施工期、运行期和废弃期的全生命周期,揭示我国深地储能安全与应急保障技术发展需求、发展难点,构建了深地储能全生命周期安全与应急保障技术框架,提出我国2024—2050年期间深部地下空间储能安全与应急保障技术发展建议,为完善我国深部地下空间储能安全与应急保障技术体系提供参考。With the scientific and technological goals of“Three Deeps Leading”,China’s oil and gas resource exploration is advancing from shallow strata to deep strata,and the construction of kilometer level deep underground engineering has become the norm.With the exploration of deep ground engineering,available deep underground spaces such as depleted oil and gas reservoirs,salt caverns,and goafs have emerged.Deep underground spaces have been proven to have advantages in large-scale energy storage and utilization,such as large reserves,wide distribution,high safety,low economic costs,and environmental friendliness.The industrial energy storage application of deep underground spaces is a powerful means to optimize China’s energy storage structure and ensure the national energy storage strategy needs.However,China started relatively late in the research of safety and emergency guarantee technology for energy storage safety in deep underground spaces.Currently,commonly used surface oil and gas storage methods are limited by geographical environment,construction conditions,and transportation methods.At the same time,accidents in surface oil and gas storage facilities face challenges such as complex causal factors,strong correlation,and wide disaster coverage.Therefore,the safe storage of energy in deep underground spaces is urgent.At present,China’s utilization of deep underground space energy storage focuses on the redevelopment of depleted oil and gas reservoirs,and the existing deep ground safety protection technology lags behind the practical needs of deep ground energy storage infrastructure safety protection.Therefore,this article systematically summarized the current research status of deep ground energy storage technologies such as deep gas storage,hydrogen storage,carbon sequestration,and compressed air energy storage.The goal was to achieve green transformation in the energy industry with strategic energy security storage.It emphasized the integration of energy storage,carbon sequestration,and deep resourc

关 键 词：深部地下空间 能源存储 深地储能 安全与应急保障技术 风险辨识 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学] P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]