典型海洋环境碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料老化规律研究  

Aging Law of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Resin Matrix Composite in Typical Marine Environments

作　　者：丁康康 陈志强[1] 姜浩 刘少通 郭为民[1] 徐铖 侯健 DING Kangkang;CHEN Zhiqiang;JIANG Hao;LIU Shaotong;GUO Weimin;XU Cheng;HOU Jian(National Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection,Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute,Shandong Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳船舶材料研究所海洋腐蚀与防护全国重点实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《装备环境工程》2024年第7期45-52,共8页Equipment Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：目的研究典型海洋大气环境下碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的老化规律。方法针对一种典型舰船用碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料,在青岛、厦门和三亚海洋大气环境下开展0.5、1、1.5、2a的自然曝晒试验。基于拉伸、弯曲和剪切强度等力学性能演变数据,采用灰关联分析方法构建环境损伤因子Rr,以综合评价其性能退化情况。结合形貌与傅里叶红外光谱,分析其老化损伤机制。结果及结论海洋大气环境下,碳纤维复合材料表层树脂发生老化降解,该过程主要源于酯基的水解,水解产物有多元醇类和多元羧酸类化合物等,这导致复合材料内部纤维外露,且随时间增加和纬度降低,表面降解减薄程度增大。各地的环境损伤因子Rr表明,经青岛和厦门长周期暴露试验后,在光氧老化和湿热老化等环境“损伤效应”主导作用下,其力学性能随时间呈下降趋势;三亚恶劣海洋环境则更早地对复合材料造成老化损伤,0.5 a起力学性能即单调下降。The work aims to investigate the aging behavior of carbon fiber reinforced composites in the typical marine at-mospheric environments.A typical carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite was chosen as the research object and the natural exposure test was carried out on it in the marine atmospheric environment of Qingdao,Xiamen and Sanya for 0.5 a,1 a,1.5 a and 2 a.Based on the evolution data of mechanical properties such as tensile,bending,and shear strength,the environ-mental damage factor Rr was constructed through a grey correlation analysis to comprehensively evaluate the performance deg-radation of carbon fiber reinforced composites.Furthermore,the aging damage mechanism was discussed through morphology and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis.The results show that the surface resin of carbon fiber composite under-goes aging and degradation under the influence of marine atmospheric environmental factors.This aging process mainly origi-nates from the hydrolysis of ester groups,producing polyols and polycarboxylic acid compounds.This causes the exposure of internal fibers of the composite materials,and the surface degradation thinning degree increases with time extension and latitude reduction.The environmental damage factor Rr indicates that after the long-term exposure test in Qingdao and Xiamen,the me-chanical properties decreased with time under the dominant effects of environmental"damage effect"such as photooxidative aging and humid heat aging.In Sanya,the harsh marine environment causes aging damage to composite materials earlier,and the mechanical properties monotonically decrease after 0.5 an exposure test.

关 键 词：海洋大气 碳纤维 乙烯基酯 复合材料 老化 环境损伤因子 

分 类 号：TJ04[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]