氨氮降解菌分离鉴定及对发酵鸡粪氮素转化的影响  

Isolation and identification of ammonia nitrogen-degrading strains and their effect on nitrogen conversion in fermented chicken manure

作　　者：李肖杏 杨森[1] 郭兆鑫 徐淑霞[1] 张世敏[1] 裴亚欣 田甜甜 吴坤[1] LI Xiaoxing;YANG Sen;GUO Zhaoxin;XU Shuxia;ZHANG Shimin;PEI Yaxin;TIAN Tiantian;WU Kun(College of Life Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学生命科学学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2024年第4期610-617,共8页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700904-07)。

摘　　要：【目的】解决鸡粪氨气释放和氮素营养流失的问题,减少鸡粪对养殖环境的污染并提高其农用价值。【方法】通过原位筛选法从鸡粪中得到有效降低鸡粪发酵过程中氨气释放的菌株,并采用形态学及分子生物学手段鉴定其种属。将该菌株应用于鸡粪中进行发酵,确定菌株的降氨效果及氮素的转化流向。【结果】在鸡粪中获得一株具有降氨效果的菌株LF10,鉴定为白地霉菌(Geotrichum candidum)。将白地霉LF10接入鸡粪中进行发酵,与对照组相比,在48 h时鸡粪中氨气释放量减少了12.16%,铵态氮含量减少了32.93%,硝态氮含量增加了7.99%,总氮含量增加了3.31%。【结论】白地霉LF10是一株高效降低氨氮的菌株,可以在较短时间内将鸡粪中铵态氮转化为硝态氮,进而降低鸡粪发酵过程中的氨气的排放,有效保留鸡粪中的氮素营养。【Objective】To address the challenges of ammonia release and nitrogen nutrient loss in chicken manure,and mitigate its pollution to the breeding environment while enhancing its agricultural value.【Method】In-situ screening of bacteria in chicken manure was conducted to identify effective strains capable of reducing ammonia release during fermentation.The species of these strains were determined using morphological and molecular biology techniques.Subsequently,we applied the selected strain to chicken manure for fermentation,evaluating its ability to reduce ammonia and its impact on nitrogen conversion.【Result】One isolated strain LF10,identified as Geotrichum candidum,was obtained from chicken manure and displayed significant ammonia-reducing effects.Compared to the control group,the treatment group supplemented with strain LF10 during fermentation exhibited a 12.16%reduction in ammonia release at 48 hours,along with a decrease of 32.93%in ammonium nitrogen content.Furthermore,the content of nitrate nitrogen displayed a growth rate of 7.99%,and the total nitrogen content increased by 3.31%.【Conclusion】Geotrichum candidum LF10 is an efficient strain for reducing ammonia nitrogen levels.It effectively converts ammonium nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen within a short period,thus minimizing ammonia emissions during chicken manure fermentation and retaining valuable nitrogen nutrients in the manure.

关 键 词：鸡粪 白地霉菌 氨气排放 铵态氮 硝态氮 

分 类 号：S831.6[农业科学—畜牧学]