长期夜间高温对9个大豆品种营养生长期的影响  

Effects of Long-term Night High Temperature on Vegetative Growth Stage of Soybean

作　　者：舒天楚 Daryl Chastain SHU Tianchu;Daryl Chastain(Auburn University,USA,State of Alabama,Auburn 36849,USA;Mississippi State University,USA,State of Mississippi,City of Stoneville 38776,USA)

机构地区：[1]奥本大学,美国阿拉巴马州奥本市36849 [2]密西西比州立大学,美国密西西西比州斯通维尔市38776

出　　处：《种子》2024年第7期81-90,96,共11页Seed

基　　金：美国阿拉巴马大豆生产商组织;奥本大学;密西西比州立大学研究生院提供资助。

摘　　要：为探究夜间高温对大豆从播种到花期的生理影响,确定大豆由长期夜间高温产生的表型变异是否由基因型差异引起,对9个大豆品种从播种到花期施加极端夜间高温(EHNT,30℃/30℃,昼/夜),研究此环境对大豆生理指标和营养生长的影响。测量指标包括:光合作用速率、呼吸作用速率、叶绿素含量和荧光分析。结果表明,在高光照强度[1 750μmol/(m^(2)·s)]下的营养生长阶段长期极端夜间高温降低了光合速率、气孔导度、叶绿素含量和PSⅡ效率(Fv/Fm),但不改变呼吸作用速率。从显著降低的这些生理指标中观察到了品种变异。部分品种通过未产生变化的地上部生物量显示出对极端夜间高温的耐受性。在大豆品种S14-15146R和DS25-1中,极端夜间高温耐受性可能与PSⅡ的光化学效率(Fv/Fm)有关。In order to investigate the physiological effects of nighttime high temperature on soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) from sowing to flowering and determine whether phenotypic variation caused by long-term nighttime high temperature was caused by genotype differences, 9 soybean varieties were subjected to extreme nighttime high temperature(EHNT,30 ℃/30 ℃ day/night) from sowing to flowering to study the effects of this environment on physiological indexes and vegetative growth of soybean. The measures included photosynthetic rate, respiration rate, chlorophyll content and fluorescence analysis. The results showed that the long-term extreme night high temperature at high light intensity [1 750 μmol/(m^(2)·s)] decreased the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content and PSⅡ efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m)), but did not change the respiration rate. Varietal variation was observed from a significant decrease in these physiological indicators. Some species showed tolerance to extreme nighttime temperatures through unchanged aboveground biomass. In soybean varieties S14-15146R and DS25-1, extreme night temperature tolerance could be related to photochemical efficiency(F_(v)/F_(m)) of PSⅡ.

关 键 词：夜间高温 大豆 FV/FM 光合作用 营养生长期 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]