基于长期定位试验的土壤健康研究与展望  

Research and prospects for soil health based on long-term experiments in arable land of China

作　　者：徐明岗 段英华[2] 白珊珊[1] 张文菊 孙楠[2] XU Ming-gang;DUAN Ying-hua;BAI Shan-shan;ZHANG Wen-ju;SUN Nan(Institute of Eco-Environment and Industrial Technology,Shanxi Agricultural University/Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院/土壤环境与养分资源山西省重点实验室,山西太原030031 [2]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所/北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2024年第7期1253-1261,共9页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(202102140601010);国家自然科学基金项目(42177341,42077098)。

摘　　要：土壤健康是农业可持续发展的根基,是保障国家粮食安全和落实“藏粮于地”战略的重大需求。长期定位试验时空覆盖面广、数据丰富、施肥管理措施多样,对于土壤健康的研究和健康土壤的培育是难得的宝贵平台。本文在总结土壤健康的内涵及指标体系与我国长期定位试验布局情况的基础上,系统梳理了基于长期定位试验的作物产量演变及高产稳产性、土壤有机质演变及其与产量的关系、土壤pH演变及生物多样性演变等耕地质量和土壤健康方面的研究进展,并提出了基于长期定位试验的土壤健康研究展望,包括建立因地制宜的土壤健康指标及评价体系,深入解析土壤健康演变的规律和驱动机制与发展健康土壤培育技术,以期高质量推进土壤健康研究,从而促进农产品质量安全和农业可持续发展。Soil health is the foundation of sustainable agricultural development,and a crucial requirement for ensuring national food security and implementing the strategy of“storing grain in the land”.Long-term experiments provide a valuable platform for studying soil health and cultivating healthy soils with their extensive spatial and temporal coverage,rich data,and diverse fertilization management practices.In this paper,we analyzed the connotation and indicator systems of soil health,the layout of long-term experiments in China,and systematically summarized advances in farmland quality and soil health based on long-term experiments in arable land of China.These included the different parts of soil heath such as evolution of crop yield and its stability,soil organic matter evolution and its relationship with yield,soil pH evolution,and biodiversity changes.Furthermore,the prospects for soil health studies based on long-term experiments were proposed,including establishing soil health indicators and evaluation systems tailored to local conditions,conducting in-depth analysis of the patterns and driving mechanisms of soil health evolution,and developing healthy soils cultivation techniques.These efforts aim to promote soil health studies with high-quality,thereby enhancing the quality and safety of agricultural products and fostering sustainable agricultural development.

关 键 词：土壤健康 长期定位试验 作物产量 土壤有机质 土壤生物多样性 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学]