纺织结构仿生材料研究与应用进展  

Review of researches and applications of biomimetic textile materials

作　　者：杨奥林 刘乐乐 马丕波 YANG Aolin;LIU Lele;MA Pibo(College of Textile Science and Engineering/Engineering Research Center of Knitting Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学纺织科学与工程学院/针织技术教育部工程研究中心,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《纺织高校基础科学学报》2024年第3期11-21,共11页Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(1197172)。

摘　　要：纺织材料可加工性强,产品多种多样,应用广泛。同时,仿生科学的迅速发展备受关注。纺织工程与仿生科学结合逐渐紧密,纺织结构仿生材料因其性能优异、可设计性强成为当前研究的热点之一。为了促进纺织结构仿生材料的深入研究与广泛应用,从纤维仿生、织物仿生、复合材料仿生3个方面综述了国内外纺织结构仿生材料的研究现状,总结了其在医疗、军事、防护等领域的应用,展望了未来研究重点及发展趋势。目前,仿生纺织材料存在微观机理分析不成熟、复杂无序、结构难以织造以及研究成果难以产业化等问题。因此,认为应推动新型纺织技术与功能性原料结合,探索多尺度表征材料多级结构的方法,加快推进研究成果落地。研究结果可为纺织结构仿生材料的研发与应用提供参考,进一步提升其功能性、稳定性与普适性。Textile materials have strong processability,diverse products,and wide applications.At the same time,the rapid development of biomimetic science has attracted attention,and the integration of textile engineering and biomimetic science is gradually becoming closer.Textile structural biomimetic materials have emerged as a prominent research focus due to their outstanding performance and robust design capabilities.In order to promote the in-depth research and widespread application of textile structure biomimetic materials,this study reviews the research status of textile structure biomimetic materials at home and abroad from three aspects:fiber biomimetic,fabric biomimetic,and composite material biomimetic.It summarizes their applications in medical,military,and protective fields,and looks into future research priorities and development trends.Currently,biomimetic textile materials face challenges such as under-development analysis of micro mechanisms,difficulties in weaving complex and disordered structures,and obstacles in industrializing research findings.This work advocates for advancing the integration of new textile technologies with functional raw materials,investigating techniques for analyzing the multi-level structure of materials across various scales,and expediting the application of research findings.This effort serves as a valuable resource for the development and utilization of biomimetic textile materials,enhancing their functionality,durability,and versatility.

关 键 词：仿生学 纺织材料 仿生纤维 功能纺织品 纺织复合材料 

分 类 号：TS186.9[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]