基于普查数据的地震灾害隐患评估及其影响因素分析  

Earthquake Hazard Assessment and Analysis of Influencing Factors Based on Census Data

作　　者：吕伟超 杨永强[1,2] 戴君武 Lv Weichao;Yang Yongqiang;Dai Junwu(Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin 150080,China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation,Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局工程力学研究所,地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,哈尔滨150080 [2]地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《震灾防御技术》2024年第2期207-215,共9页Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52078472)。

摘　　要：地震灾害隐患评估是第一次全国自然灾害综合风险普查涵盖的工作,随着地震灾害隐患评估工作的推进,多省市承灾体地震灾害隐患评估工作相继完成,为利用普查结果辅助有关部门有针对性地做出决策,需分析承灾体隐患评估的影响因素。基于第一次全国自然灾害综合风险普查项目建筑调查数据,首先统计分析某省级行政区内不同烈度区域及峰值加速度调整区内5类承灾体数量、抗震设防水平、变形损伤现状、建造年代等情况;其次采用隐患等级技术评定规范计算承灾体单体隐患指数,并给出不同类别区域地震灾害隐患等级;最后结合烈度调升及峰值加速度调整情况对隐患评定结果影响因素进行对比分析。研究结果表明,烈度和设防峰值加速度提升均会使承灾单体及区域隐患等级整体提高;农村建筑区域地震灾害隐患等级总体较高,其中农村非住宅为地震灾害重点隐患的主要承灾体;重点隐患单体中变形损伤的影响随抗震设防烈度的升高而降低,一般隐患等级单体中变形损伤及建造年代的影响随抗震设防烈度的升高而降低。The earthquake hazard assessment of buildings is a task covered by the first national comprehensive risk census of natural disasters.As the work of earthquake hazard assessment progress,the earthquake hazard assessment of disaster-bearing buildings in many provinces and cities has been completed one after another.To utilize the survey results to assist relevant departments in making targeted decisions,it is necessary to analyze the influencing factors of disaster-bearing bodies and their importance.Based on the building survey data of the first national comprehensive risk census of natural disasters,this paper first statistically analyzes the number,seismic fortification level,deformation and damage status,and construction age of five types of disaster-bearing buildings in different seismic intensity areas and peak acceleration adjustment areas in a provincial administrative region.Secondly,it uses the technical evaluation specification of hazard level to calculate the hazard index of individual disaster-bearing buildings.Then,it gives the earthquake disaster hazard level of different types of regions.Finally,it compares and summarizes the influencing factors of the hazard assessment results based on the adjustment of seismic intensity and peak acceleration.The results show that with the increase of intensity and the increase of peak acceleration of fortification,the hazard level of buildings and regions will increase overall.In terms of category distribution,the overall hazard level of earthquake disasters in rural buildings is relatively high,among which rural non-residential buildings are the main category of disaster-bearing buildings with major earthquake disaster hazards.In terms of influencing factors,the impact of deformation and damage on key hazard individuals decreases with the increase of seismic fortification intensity,while the impact of deformation and damage and construction age on general hazard individuals decreases as the seismic fortification intensity increases.

关 键 词：综合风险普查 地震灾害隐患评估 地震灾害隐患等级 隐患等级影响因素 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]