主轴热偏移特性检测与影响分析  

Detection and Impact Analysis of Spindle Thermal Offset Characteristics

作　　者：张亮[1,2] 陈传海[1] 赵添翼[3] 刘志峰 郭劲言[1] 孙凤[3] ZHANG Liang;CHEN Chuan-hai;ZHAO Tian-yi;LIU Zhi-feng;GUO Jin-yan;SUN Feng(Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment Reliability Ministry of Education,Jilin University,Changchun 130025,China;Genertec Shenyang Machine Tool Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110142,China;Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学数控装备可靠性教育部重点实验室,吉林长春130025 [2]沈阳机床股份有限公司,辽宁沈阳110142 [3]沈阳工业大学,辽宁沈阳110870

出　　处：《机械工程与自动化》2024年第4期1-3,共3页Mechanical Engineering & Automation

基　　金：辽宁省“揭榜挂帅”科技重大专项(2022JH1/10400027)。

摘　　要：主轴的热偏移误差直接影响数控机床的定位精度及加工质量。针对数控机床主轴温升及热偏移误差的测试问题,利用磁吸式温度传感器、激光测试仪对主轴温度变化与各方向热偏移误差进行测量,了解机床主轴实际工况,收集主轴温升数据及热平衡时间、主轴热偏移空间状态,分析主轴温升与热偏移误差随测试组数的变化关系。实验结果表明:主轴温升与测试组数的增加呈正比例关系,高转速最大温升12.65℃,明显高于低转速温升8.55℃;主轴各方向热偏移误差随温升而变大,其中高转速下误差变化更剧烈,高、低转速下的最大热偏移分别为35.37μm和15.26μm。本研究成果为以后探寻误差成因及优化补偿设计提供了数据支撑。The thermal offset error of the spindle directly affects the positioning accuracy and processing quality of CNC machine tools.This article focuses on the testing of temperature rise and thermal offset errors of CNC machine tool spindles.Magnetic temperature sensors and laser testers are used to measure the temperature changes and thermal drift errors in various directions of the spindle,understand the actual working conditions of the machine tool spindle,collect spindle temperature rise data and thermal balance time,as well as the spatial state of spindle thermal offset,and analyze the relationship between spindle temperature rise and thermal offset errors over time.The experimental results show that the temperature rise of the spindle is positively proportional to the increase in the number of test groups,and the maximum temperature rise at high speed is 12.65℃,which is significantly higher than that at low speed,which is 8.55℃;the thermal offset error in each direction of the spindle increases with temperature rise,with more severe error changes at high speeds:the maximum thermal offset at high and low speeds is 35.37μm and 15.26μm respectively.The results of this study provide data support for exploring the causes of errors and optimizing compensation designs in the future.

关 键 词：主轴 温升 热偏移误差 检测 

分 类 号：TG547[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]