日光温室作业对蔬菜种植人员肺小气道功能的影响  

Effect of solar greenhouse working on pulmonary small airway function among vegetable growers

作　　者：杨思雯 谷一硕 阎腾龙 马文军[3] 刘武 寇振霞[5] 何玉红[5] 朱晓俊 YANG Siwen;GU Yishuo;YAN Tenglong;MA Wenjun;LIU Wu;KOU Zhenxia;HE Yuhong;ZHU Xiaojun(National Center for Occupational Safety and Health,National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China,Beijing 102308,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]国家卫生健康委职业安全卫生研究中心,北京102308 [2]北京市职业病防治研究院 [3]北京大学公共卫生学院 [4]靖远县疾病预防控制中心 [5]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2024年第3期241-244,311,共5页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(7234402)。

摘　　要：目的探讨日光温室作业对蔬菜种植人员肺小气道功能的影响。方法选择西北地区某蔬菜种植基地作业者988人,其中以从事大田种植作业的263人作为对照组,日光温室作业的725人作为温室组,按照累积暴露水平分为低、中、高水平暴露组。测定研究对象最大呼气50%流量(MEF50)、最大呼气25%流量(MEF25)和最大呼气中期流量(MMEF)等肺功能指标,测定指标实测值/预计值%<65%判定为异常;3项指标中≥2项异常判定为小气道功能障碍。应用t检验、χ^(2)检验和Logistic回归模型分析日光温室作业对小气道功能的影响。结果温室组MEF50%、MEF25%和MMEF%测定平均值分别为(71.1±25.8)%、(56.4±28.5)%和(68.6±26.0)%,均低于对照组(78.0±24.1)%、(69.0±36.4)%、(76.1±25.5)%(P<0.05)。高水平暴露组3项指标异常率分别为45.2%、73.0%和45.7%,均显著高于对照组(31.9%、54.0%、34.6%)(P<0.05),3项指标异常率随累积暴露水平的增高而升高(P趋势<0.05)。中、高水平暴露组小气道功能障碍检出率分别为46.8%和48.6%,显著高于对照组(35.4%)(P<0.05),小气道功能障碍检出率随累积暴露水平的增高而升高(P趋势<0.05)。校正其他可能影响因素后与对照组相比,中、高水平暴露组小气道功能障碍OR值分别为1.555和1.651,并随累积暴露水平的增高而升高(P趋势<0.05)。结论日光温室可能引起作业者肺小气道功能损伤,小气道功能障碍与日光温室累积暴露水平有关。Objective To discuss the effect of the solar greenhouse on vegetable growers'pulmonary small airway function.Methods A total of 988 workers from a vegetable planting base in the Northwest region of China were selected.Among them,263 individuals engaged in ordinary planting operations were assigned to the control group,while 725 individuals engaged in greenhouse working were assigned to the greenhouse group,which were categorized into low,medium,and high-level exposure groups based on their cumulative exposure levels.Pulmonary function of the study subjects was measured,including maximum expiratory flow rate at 50% of vital capacity(MEF50),maximum expiratory flow rate at 25% of vital capacity(MEF25),and maximal mid-expiratory flow(MMEF),expressed as the percentage of measured values to predicted values(MEF50%,MEF25% and MMEF%).When at least two of these indicators were<65%,it was considered as small airway dysfunction.We employed t-tests,chi-square tests,and Logistic regression models to analyze the impact of solar greenhouse working on small airway function.Results The average of MEF50%,MEF25%,and MMEF% in the greenhouse group were(71.1±25.8)%,(56.4±28.5)%,and(68.6±26.0)%,respectively,which were lower than those in the control group[(78.0±24.1)%,(69.0±36.4)%,(76.1±25.5)%](P<0.05).The abnormal rates of MEF50%,MEF25%,and MMEF%in high-level exposure group were 45.2%、73.0%and 45.7%,which were higher than those in the control group(31.9%,54.0%,34.6%)(P<0.05).The three indexes'abnormal rates increased with the cumulative exposure level(Pfor trend<0.05).The detection rates of small airway functional disorders in the medium and high-level exposure groups were 46.8% and 48.6%,respectively,higher than those in the control group(35.4%)(P<0.05).The detection rates of small airway functional disorders increased with the increase of cumulative exposure level(Pfor trend<0.05).After adjusting for other potential influencing factors,the OR values for detecting small airway functional disorders in the medium and high-level

关 键 词：日光温室作业 肺功能 小气道功能障碍 

分 类 号：R139.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]