基于多模态注意力机制的频域非平稳信道估计  

Frequency Domain Non-Stationary Channel Estimation Based on MultimodalAttention Mechanism

作　　者：李璐 蒋佳琪 张舜卿 余涛 李济宏 郑嘉怡 LI Lu;JIANG Jiaqi;ZHANG Shunqing;YU Tao;LI Jihong;ZHENG Jiayi(School of Communication and Information Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学通信与信息工程学院,上海200444

出　　处：《移动通信》2024年第7期57-65,共9页Mobile Communications

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“新能源驱动的6G跨制式融合组网方法”(2022YFB2902304);国家自然科学基金项目“面向非平稳环境的高能效无线传输关键技术研究”(62071284)。

摘　　要：信道估计对现代无线通信系统至关重要,在超大规模多输入多输出正交频分复用系统中,信道具有频域非平稳性。将单频段信道估计拓展至多频段,对频域非平稳sub-6 GHz—毫米波系统进行信道建模和问题建模,提出了基于多模态注意力机制的频域非平稳信道估计框架。该框架基于多模态对信道信息进行特征提取,利用注意力机制动态调整不同信息的权重并进行特征融合,最终输出毫米波信道估计的结果。在理论分析的基础上,结合数值仿真实验,验证了所提算法在适应频域非平稳信道估计任务的可靠性和有效性。Channel estimation is critical for modern wireless communication systems,particularly in ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems,where channels exhibit frequency-domain nonstationarity.This study extends single-band channel estimation to multi-band scenarios,modeling and addressing the problem for frequency-domain non-stationary sub-6 GHz and millimeter-wave systems.We propose a frequency-domain non-stationary channel estimation framework based on a multimodal attention mechanism.This framework extracts channel features through multimodal processing,utilizes the attention mechanism to dynamically adjust the weights of different information,and performs feature fusion,ultimately outputting the millimeter-wave channel estimation results.Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations demonstrate the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in adapting to frequency-domain non-stationary channel estimation tasks.

关 键 词：频域非平稳 信道估计 毫米波大规模MIMO 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]