天山北部不同生境苜蓿根际土壤真菌分布特征及驱动因子  

Distribution characteristics and driving factors of soil fungi between alfalfa roots in different habitats in northern Tianshan Mountains

作　　者：李嫚 邓錡璋 景玉婷 伍勇 张城铭 夏珊 翟亚萍 杨盼 刘红玲 庄丽[1] LI Man;DENG Qizhang;JING Yuting;WU Yong;ZHANG Chengming;XIA Shan;ZHAI Yaping;YANG Pan;LIU Hongling;ZHUANG Li(College of Life Sciences,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,Xinjiang,China;Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources,College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Chengdu Normal University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学生命科学学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]成都师范学院化学与生命科学学院特色园艺生物资源开发与利用四川省高校重点实验室,四川成都611130

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2024年第7期1187-1198,共12页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31871568,31560656);成都师范学院创新研究团队项目(CSCXTD2020A04);成都师范学院2018年校级科研项目(CS18ZA02);成都师范学院2022年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202214389093)资助。

摘　　要：在农业生态系统中,根际微生物群落是土壤中养分和有机物质成功循环和转化的动力,对作物的生长、健康和营养状况起着重要的影响作用。为了探究天山北部不同生境苜蓿根际土壤真菌多样性以及形成差异的驱动因子。利用高通量测序技术对天山北部山地和平原2个生境的苜蓿根际土壤与非根际土壤中真菌多样性、结构、功能以及驱动因子进行分析。结果表明:(1)山地苜蓿根际土中土壤氮、钾、有机质和酶活性均显著大于平原苜蓿根际土,而电导率和pH显著小于平原苜蓿根际土。(2)山地和平原的真菌群落存在显著差异,平原苜蓿根际土壤的可操作分类单元(OTUs)、Chao1和ACE指数均显著大于山地苜蓿根际土壤,并且OTUs、Chao1、ACE和香农指数(Shannon指数)均表现为根际土壤显著大于非根际土壤。(3)该区域的优势真菌门为子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、被孢霉菌门(Mortierellomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和芽枝菌门(Blastocladiomycota),并且在不同生境存在显著差异。(4)基于FUNGuild真菌功能预测,山地中植物的致病真菌显著高于平原而外生菌根显著低于平原地区。(5)通过冗余分析(RDA)和Mantel检验发现土壤pH、全氮、全钾和速效钾是真菌群落结构差异分布的主要驱动因子。In agricultural ecosystems,rhizosphere microbial communities serve as the driving force for the successful cycling and transformation of nutrients and organic matter in soil,exerting a significant impact on the growth,health,and nutritional status of crops.To investigate the diversity of rhizosphere fungi in different habitats in the northern Tianshan Mountains and the driving factors behind their variations,this study employed highthroughput sequencing to analyze the diversity,structures,functions,and driving factors of rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere fungi in alfalfa rhizosphere soils in mountainous and plain habitats.The results revealed that:(1)Soil nitrogen,potassium,organic matter,and enzyme activity in the mountainous alfalfa rhizosphere soil were significantly higher than those in plain alfalfa rhizosphere soil,while electrical conductivity and pH were significantly lower than those in plain alfalfa rhizosphere soil.(2)Significant differences were observed in the fungal communities in mountainous and plain soils,with the operational taxonomic units(OTUs),Chao1,and ACE indices of plain alfalfa rhizosphere soil being significantly higher than those of mountainous alfalfa rhizosphere soil;additionally,the OTUs,Chao1,ACE,and Shannon indices showed significantly higher values in rhizosphere soils than those in non-rhizosphere soils.(3)The dominant fungal phyla in the region were Ascomycota,Mortierellomycota,Basidiomycota,and Blastocladiomycota,with notable differences in their distribution across different habitats.(4)Based on FUNGuild’s fungal functional predictions,pathogenic fungi in mountainous areas were significantly higher than those in plain areas,while arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were significantly lower in mountainous areas.(5)Redundancy analysis and Mantel tests indicated that soil pH,total nitrogen,total potassium and available potassium were the main driving factors for the differential distribution of fungal community structures in soils.

关 键 词：根际微生态 功能预测 高通量测序 真菌多样性 天山北部 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S541[农业科学—农业基础科学]