中国西北地区农业生态效率时空分异及影响因素研究  

Spatial and temporal differentiation and influencing factors of agricultural ecological efficiency in northwest China

作　　者：朱瑷嫒 殷颂葵[1] 刘琼慧 ZHU Aiai;YIN Songkui;LIU Qionghui(School of Finance and Economics,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学财经学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2024年第7期1210-1219,共10页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(19BJY056)资助。

摘　　要：立足资源禀赋和发展阶段因地制宜提高农业生态效率是农业强国建设的必由之路。在借助非期望非径向SE-SBM模型测度2010—2020年中国西北地区市域尺度农业生态效率的基础上,综合应用差异系数、Dagum基尼系数、全局趋势分析、全局莫兰指数和空间误差模型等指标和方法探讨了中国西北地区农业生态效率时空分异特征及影响因素。结果表明:(1)2010—2020年中国西北地区农业生态效率的中位数在波动中由0.512上升至1.001,年均增长率约为6.93%,且市域间农业生态效率的差异程度呈现出缩小的态势。(2)中国西北地区农业生态效率呈现出梯次性的圈层空间分布特征,投影趋势线在南北方向呈现出“U型”特征,而东西方向则是在由西向东平滑上升的过程中逐渐显现出“倒U型”特征。(3)劳均耕地面积、农村居民人均可支配收入、城镇化水平对中国西北地区农业生态效率产生正向影响,而农业机械密度与化肥使用强度则对该地区农业生态效率产生负向影响。Improving agricultural eco-efficiency based on resource endowment and development stage is the only means to build a strong agricultural country.Based on the measurement of agricultural eco-efficiency at the city scale in northwest China from 2010 to 2020 using the non-expectation nonradial SE-SBM model,the spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics and influencing factors were analyzed using the indices and methods of difference coefficient,Dagum Gini coefficient,global trend analysis,spatial autocorrelation,and spatial error model.The results indicate the following:(1)The median of agricultural eco-efficiency in northwest China increased from 0.512 to 1.001,with an average annual growth rate of approximately 6.93%;however,the difference in agricultural eco-efficiency between cities showed a narrowing trend.(2)The spatial distribution of agricultural eco-efficiency in northwest China shows hierarchical spatial distribution characteristics.The projection trend line shows a“U-shaped”feature in the north-south direction,whereas the east-west direction gradually shows an“inverted U-shaped”feature in the process of smooth rise from west to east.(3)The results of the spatial error model show that the per workforce arable land area,per capita disposable income of rural residents,and urbanization level positively influence the agricultural eco-efficiency in the northwest China,whereas the agricultural machinery density and fertilizer use intensity negatively influence the agricultural eco-efficiency in the region.

关 键 词：农业生态效率 SE-SBM模型 空间误差模型 中国西北地区 

分 类 号：F323.22[经济管理—产业经济]