“双碳”目标背景下企业“绿洗”行为法律问题研究  

Research on the Legal Issues of Corporate“Greenwashing”Behavior in the Context of Dual Carbon Targets

作　　者：王慧[1] 金权 WANG Hui;JIN Quan(School of Law,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai,China,201306;Law School,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai,China,200433)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学法学院,上海201306 [2]上海财经大学法学院,上海200433

出　　处：《贵州大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期108-124,共17页Journal of Guizhou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：上海浦东新区人民代表大会常务委员会办公室委托项目“关于制定绿色航运产业促进法的立法建议”(2023-A-02)。

摘　　要：企业“绿洗”行为泛滥的趋势引起国际社会的普遍关注,文章通过分析企业“绿洗”案例发现,企业“绿洗”有两种动因:一是基于声誉效益的外部动因;二是根植企业利益的内部动因。两者是导致企业“虚假性”“欺骗或误导性”“真实性”投机表现的根本动因。以美国为代表的“分散式治理”模式和以欧盟指令为依据的“专门治理”模式是当前较为典型的企业“绿洗”治理方案。这两种企业“绿洗”治理模式为我国治理企业“绿洗”的法律方案提供思路。鉴于当前我国治理企业“绿洗”行为存在立法表达缺失、执法不严及监管缺失等问题,导致国内企业“绿洗”投机以逃避处罚的事态严峻。对此,本文提出从法律层面建立企业“绿洗”治理的统一界定规范、将企业“绿洗”治理纳入环境公益诉讼的司法治理范式、强化消费者侵权诉讼补充公共规制、探索国际层面企业“绿洗”治理的一致性等建议,助力完善中国企业“绿洗”治理的路径方案。The rampant trend of corporate“greenwashing”behavior has attracted universal attention from the international community.This article analyzes the two motivations behind corporate“greenwashing”:external motivations based on reputation benefits and internal motivations rooted in corporate interests.Both of them,corporate interests are the internal motivations that lead to the speculative manifestations of“falseness”,“deception or misleading”,and“truthfulness”in corporate“greenwashing”.The“decentralized governance”model represented by the United States and the“specialized governance”model based on EU directives are typical governance approaches for combating corporate“greenwashing.”These two governance models provide insights for the legal regulation of corporate“greenwashing”in China.However,due to the current legislative expression gaps,lax enforcement,and regulatory shortcomings in China’s governance of corporate“greenwashing”,the situation of domestic companies engaging in“greenwashing”practices to evade punishment is severe.In light of this,this article proposes suggestions from a legal perspective,including establishing unified definitions and norms for the governance of corporate“greenwashing”,incorporating corporate“greenwashing”governance into the judicial governance paradigm of environmental public interest litigation,strengthening consumer rights litigation as a supplement to public regulation,and exploring the consistency of international corporate“greenwashing”governance.These suggestions aim to help improve the framework and pathways for governing corporate“greenwashing”in China.

关 键 词：企业“绿洗” 治理模式 立法规范 行政监管 公益诉讼 

分 类 号：DF969[政治法律—国际法学]