《唐律疏议》中的聘财返还法  

Restitution of Dowry in Tang Code

作　　者：高楠[1,2] GAO Nana(Faculty of Law,Hebei University of Economy and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China;Research Center for Local Rule of Law Development,Hebei University of Economy and Business,Shijiazhuang 050061,China)

机构地区：[1]河北经贸大学法学院,石家庄050061 [2]河北经贸大学地方法治建设研究中心,石家庄050061

出　　处：《安阳工学院学报》2024年第5期27-34,共8页Journal of Anyang Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国古代基层治理方式的变迁及其近代化转型研究”(20&ZD216)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：唐时,当色为婚合法,异色为婚非法。合法的当色为婚中,若女方随意悔婚,或男方自悔,或女家一女两许,或出现妄冒为婚行为时,聘财返还遵循过错方承担相应经济损失的原则。异色为婚的聘财返还,一般也遵循这种原则。二者的不同之处在于:若异色为婚出现妄冒为婚且聘财等于或超过法定数额下限,量刑重于徒二年,则计“婢赃”定罪,依“诈欺”,准窃盗罪论处,量刑随聘财数量的层级递增而逐渐加重,最高刑罚为加役流,仅次于死刑。唐律中关于当色为婚与异色为婚的聘财返还规定,突出了唐律的阶级属性,旨在维护既有的身份等级和既定的社会秩序。During the Tang Dynasty,same-status marriages were deemed legal,while marriages between individuals of different social statuses were considered illegal.In legal same-status marriages,if the woman arbitrarily sought to annul the marriage,or the man initiated the annulment,or the woman was betrothed twice,or there was a false claim of marriage,the restitution of dowry followed the principle of the party at fault bearing the corresponding economic losses.The restitution of dowry in marriages of different social statuses generally adhered to the same principle.The distinction lies in cases where a false claim of marriage occurred in a marriage between individuals of different social statuses,and the dowry equaled or exceeded the legally specified lower limit.In such cases,if the sentencing is more severe than two years of penal servitude,the offense is categorized as"maidservant's embezzlement",prosecuted under charges of"fraud"and quasi-larceny,with the severity of the sentence increasing progressively based on the dowry amount.The highest penalty is penal servitude with hard labor,second only to the death penalty.The Tang Code's regulations on the restitution of dowry in same-status and different-status marriages highlight the code's class attributes,aiming to uphold established social hierarchies and maintai.

关 键 词：《唐律疏议》 当色为婚 异色为婚 聘财返还 

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