新质生产力的三重逻辑  

The Triple Logic of New Quality Productive Forces

作　　者：张开[1] 高鹤鹏 Zhang Kai;Gao Hepeng(Economics Teaching and Research Department,Party School of the Central Committee of C.P.C(National Academy of Governance),Beijing 100091,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)经济学教研部,北京100091

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第4期95-104,共10页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：新质生产力是以科技创新发挥核心作用的新型生产力,是符合高质量发展要求的生产力,其内涵可以结合生产力的性质变化来理解。新质生产力的形成,是生产力发生量变和质变的过程,也是人创造性认识和改造自然的现实能力的反映。政治经济学应该以“生产力-生产关系论”代替传统“生产关系论”作为研究对象,从而为科学理解“资本二重性”奠定基础。新质生产力必然与新质生产关系相结合形成“新质资本”,并在每一个细分领域和细分环节都扮演提高经济效率的角色。在实践逻辑上,要着力打造与新质生产力相适应的生产关系,加快培育、推动“新质资本”健康发展,以生产力进步为原则规范“新质资本”。New quality productive forces as a novel type of productive force have played a central role in scientific and technological innovation.They are productive forces that meet the requirements of high-quality development,and their connotation can be understood in the context of changes in the nature of productive forces.In a commodity-producing society,productivity is expressed through socially necessary labor time,and individual capital or firms continually strive to reduce their individual labor time below the socially necessary labor time as a means of achieving greater profits.Therefore,the logic of the economy is the logic of the progress of productive forces,and in a capitalist society,this logic is reflected by the continuous shortening of socially necessary labor time.Due to the profit-seeking nature of capital,each capital will attempt to shorten individual labor time by increasing its productivity level,thereby reducing individual value below social value.This allows each capital to obtain excess profit.The result of each capital’s pursuit of excess profit is a general increase in the productivity level of society as a whole.Through the study of new quality productive forces,this paper argues that in the study of political economy,there are no relations of production that exist independently of productive forces,and there are no productive forces that exist independently of relations of production.To comprehend the object of political economy,it is essential to grasp the dialectical unity and interaction between them.This understanding will facilitate the comprehension of the duality of capital.At the same time,it is necessary to replace the traditional political economy with the“theory of productive forcesrelations of production.”This new theoretical framework will provide a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the new quality productive forces.Concurrently,it is necessary to replace the traditional political economy“theory of production relations”with the“productivity-production r

关 键 词：新质生产力 生产力理论 科技创新 高质量发展 新质资本 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]