广东省不同稻区稻瘟病菌生理小种鉴定及无毒基因分析  

Identification of physiological races and analysis of avirulence genes of rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae in different rice regions of Guangdong Province

作　　者：汪文娟[1] 陈凯玲[1] 杨健源[1] 封金奇 朱小源[1] 苏菁[1] Wang Wenjuan;Chen Kailing;Yang Jianyuan;Feng Jinqi;Zhu Xiaoyuan;Su Jing(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2024年第3期645-653,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金-青年提升项目(2024A1515030090);广东省农业科学院科技人才引进专项(R2021YJ-YB3020);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-01-44);广东省农业科学院协同创新中心项目(XT202211);韶关市科技计划项目(210804164531395)。

摘　　要：为明确广东省不同稻区稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae生理小种与无毒基因的类型与分布,利用7个中国鉴别品种、11个抗稻瘟病单基因系及3个广东省优质抗源稻种三黄占2号、青六矮和珍桂矮,采用苗期喷雾接种方法对2018—2019年分别从广东省不同稻区感染稻瘟病的不同栽培稻品种上分离获得的368株稻瘟病菌单孢菌株进行生理小种鉴定与无毒基因分析。结果显示,利用中国鉴别品种共鉴定出6群30个生理小种,其中优势种群为ZB和ZC,出现频率分别为44.29%和43.48%,优势生理小种为ZB13和ZC13,出现频率分别为26.90%和29.35%。利用11个水稻抗稻瘟病单基因系鉴定出测试菌株对含有Pi9、Pi1、Pik-h和Pi50这4个水稻抗稻瘟病单基因系的无毒性频率均大于80.00%;来自粤北、粤西和珠三角3个稻区的稻瘟病菌对抗源稻种三黄占2号的毒性频率低于11.76%,对珍桂矮的毒性频率大于69.41%。表明2018—2019年广东省稻瘟病菌群体生理小种结构复杂,多样性丰富,在粤北、粤西和珠三角稻区可利用的抗性基因一致,可推广使用含抗性基因Pi9、Pi50、Pik-h和Pi1的水稻品种;三黄占2号抗性好,抗谱较宽,可作为广东省抗稻瘟病种质资源加以利用。In order to understand the types and distribution of physiological races and avirulence genes of rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae in different rice-growing regions of Guangdong Province,the method of spray inoculation was used at the seedling stage of identified varieties.A total of 368 singlespore strains isolated from different cultivated rice varieties infected with rice blast disease in different rice regions of Guangdong Province from 2018 to 2019 were tested for their pathogenicity and the corresponding avirulence genotypes,against seven Chinese differential cultivars and 11 blast monogenic lines,and three Guangdong high-quality resistant rice varieties Sanhuangzhan 2,Qingliu'ai,and Zhengui'ai.The results showed that six groups and 30 Chinese physiological races were identified and the predominant populations were ZB and ZC,with frequency of 44.29% and 43.48%,respectively.The predominant physiological races were ZB13 and ZC13,with frequencies of 26.90% and 29.35%,respectively.Using 11 blast monogenic lines for pathogenicity analysis,the results showed that the average avirulent frequency of rice blast monogenic lines containing Pi9,Pi1,Pik-h,and Pi50 from the test strains was greater than 80.00%.Further pathogenicity analysis was conducted on populations of rice blast fungus isolated from different cultivated rice varieties.The pathogenicity test results showed that the virulence frequency of rice blast fungus from three rice regions to the resistant rice variety Sanhuangzhan 2 was lower than 11.76%,and the virulence frequency to Zhengui'ai was greater than 69.41%.This indicated that the physiological race structure of rice blast fungus population in Guangdong Province from 2018 to 2019 was complicated with rich diversity.The resistance genes available in the rice-growing areas of northern and western Guangdong,and the Pearl River Delta were consistent,and rice varieties containing resistance genes Pi9,Pi50,Pik-h,and Pi1 could be promoted for use in the near future;Sanhuangzhan 2 possessed high resistan

关 键 词：水稻 稻瘟病菌 生理小种 优势小种 无毒基因型 

分 类 号：S435.111.41[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]