赤霉素诱导葡萄无核形成机理研究进展  

Research Progress on the Mechanism of GAs-Induced Seedlessness in Grape

作　　者：刘苗苗[1] 姚锦 包敏 楚言言 王西平[1] LIU Miaomiao;YAO Jin;BAO Min;CHU Yanyan;WANG Xiping(State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production,College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,西北农林科技大学作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《园艺学报》2024年第7期1610-1622,共13页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金–联合基金重点项目(U1603234);陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟重大科技项目(LMZD201902)。

摘　　要：赤霉素能够有效诱导葡萄胚珠败育,被广泛应用于葡萄的无核化生产。赤霉素诱导葡萄胚囊和花粉发育异常,造成内部生理代谢失调,该过程还受到一些植物激素合成代谢及信号通路相关基因、种子发育时期赤霉素响应基因以及特异microRNA的动态调控。本文中从胚胎学、生理生化和分子机制层面综述了赤霉素诱导葡萄无核的形成机理,以期为进一步揭示赤霉素诱导葡萄单性结实的潜在调控机制和今后利用赤霉素进行优质无核葡萄的生产提供依据。Gibberellins(GAs)can effectively induce ovule abortion and are widely utilized in the production of seedless grape.Gibberellins induces abnormal development of grape embryo sac and pollen,resulting in internal physiological metabolism disorders.This process is also dynamically regulated by some genes related to plant hormone anabolism and signaling pathways,gibberellins response genes and specific microRNA during seed development.This review summarizes the mechanism of GAs-induced seedlessness in grape from the aspects of embryology,physiology,biochemistry and molecular mechanisms,with the aim of further understanding the potential regulatory mechanism of GAs-induced parthenocarpy of grape and providing a basis for using GAs in the future production of high-quality seedless grape.

关 键 词：葡萄 无核 赤霉素 单性结实 调控机理 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]