甘肃高寒区11个小黑麦品种(系)产量与主要农艺性状的通径分析  

Path analysis of yield and major agronomic traits in 11 triticale varieties(lines)in high-altitude cold region of Gansu Province

作　　者：黄杰[1] 金茜[1] 杨发荣[1] 魏玉明[1] 刘文瑜[1] HUANG Jie;JIN Qian;YANG Fa-rong;WEI Yu-ming;LIU Wen-yu

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院畜草与绿色农业研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第12期128-133,共6页Feed Research

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划项目乡村振兴专项(项目编号:23CXNA0005);甘肃省农业科学院重点研发项目(项目编号:2022GAAS19);甘肃省农业农村厅科技项目(项目编号:KJZC-2023-14);科技服务项目“东乡县藜麦全产业链建设项目”。

摘　　要：试验为探讨甘肃高寒区小黑麦品种(系)产量的影响因素,选取11个小黑麦品种(系),每个品种(系)重复3次,对主要农艺性状、籽粒产量和干草产量进行相关性和通径分析。结果表明:小黑麦主要农艺性状与籽粒产量和干草产量通径分析具有直接作用和间接作用。从10个指标中筛选出9个对籽粒产量具有直接效应的因子,依次为:穗长>有效分蘖数>千粒重>结实小穗数>穗下节>穗粒数>不孕小穗数>株高>分蘖数。各性状与干草产量同样具有直接作用和间接作用,各因子对干草产量的直接效应依次为:穗下节>不孕小穗数>结实小穗数>有效分蘖数>倒2节>分蘖数>穗粒数>株高>千粒重。株高与籽粒产量呈负效应,而与干草产量呈正效应。在实际生产中选择高产品种时,根据利用途径不同(籽粒或饲草),应考虑影响二者产量的正负效应。研究表明,T-133可同时获得较高的籽粒产量和干草产量,适宜在甘肃高寒区推广种植。The experiment was to explore the factors affecting the yield of triticale varieties(lines)in the high-altitude cold region of Gansu Province,the experiment selected 11 triticale varieties(lines),and each variety(line)replicated three times,to conduct correlation and path analysis on the main agronomic traits,grain yield,and hay yield.The results showed that the main agronomic traits of triticale have both direct and indirect effects on the path analysis of grain yield and hay yield.From 10 indicators,nine factors with direct effects on grain yield were selected,in descending order:Spike length>number of effective tillers>thousand-grain weight>number of fertile spikelets>lower node of the spike>number of grains per spike>number of sterile spikelets>plant height>number of tillers.The traits also had direct and indirect effects on hay yield,and the direct effects of each factor on hay yield were in descending order:Lower node of the spike>number of sterile spikelets>number of fertile spikelets>number of effective tillers>second node from the top>number of tillers>number of grains per spike>plant height>thousand-grain weight.Plant height was negatively correlated with grain yield,but positively correlated with hay yield.When selecting high-yielding varieties in actual production,the positive and negative effects on the yields of both should be considered according to different utilization paths(grain or forage).The study indicates that T-133 can achieve high yields of both grain and hay and is suitable for promotion and cultivation in the high-altitude cold region of Gansu Province.

关 键 词：小黑麦 产量 农艺性状 相关性分析 通径分析 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]