仔猪均匀度与初生重的营养影响因素研究进展  

Research progress on nutritional factors affecting birth weight and uniformity of piglets

作　　者：李朋威 禚梅 牛子青 郭茹静 周财源 LI Peng-wei;ZHUO Mei;NIU Zi-qing;GUO Ru-jing;ZHOU Cai-yuan

机构地区：[1]西安天康饲料有限公司,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《饲料研究》2024年第12期168-173,共6页Feed Research

摘　　要：仔猪初生重和均匀度是影响产房成活率的关键指标,而产房成活率是衡量现代养殖企业生产成绩的重要指标之一。随着遗传选育技术的持续突破,母猪窝均产仔数及断奶头数呈现出逐年增长的趋势,但这一进步也伴随着仔猪初生重和均匀度的降低。初生重和均匀度降低与仔猪的存活及其后续的生长发育密切相关,目前影响仔猪出生重和均匀度的因素主要有窝产仔数、品种、营养因素、胚胎在子宫中的位置、胎次、季节等。文章综述了采食量、蛋白质、功能性纤维、功能性氨基酸等营养因素对仔猪初生重和均匀度的影响及其可能的调控机理,并给出了合理的推荐值,以期通过营养调控手段改善仔猪初生重和均匀度,为饲料配方的优化设计提供参考。The birth weight and uniformity of piglets are key indicators affecting the survival rate in the farrowing house,and the survival rate in the farrowing house is one of the important indicators to measure the production performance of modern breeding enterprises.With the continuous breakthroughs in genetic breeding technology,the number of piglets born per litter and the number of weaned piglets have shown a trend of increasing year by year.However,this progress is also accompanied by a decrease in the birth weight and uniformity of piglets.The decrease in birth weight and uniformity is closely related to the survival and subsequent growth and development of piglets.The factors currently affecting the birth weight and uniformity of piglets mainly include the number of piglets born per litter,breed,nutritional factors,the position of the embryo in the uterus,parity,season,etc.The article reviews the impact of nutritional factors such as feed intake,protein,functional fiber,and functional amino acids on the birth weight and uniformity of piglets and their possible regulatory mechanisms,and provides reasonable recommended values,with the aim of improving the birth weight and uniformity of piglets through nutritional regulation,to provide a reference for the optimization design of feed formulations.

关 键 词：初生仔猪 营养因素 均匀度 初生重 功能性物质 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]