面向列车可变编组的地铁乘务排班计划优化研究  

Optimization of Metro Crew Scheduling Plan Based on Variable Train Formation

作　　者：杨帆 陈绍宽[1] 刘泽远 李昊 张建熙 YANG Fan;CHEN Shaokuan;LIU Zeyuan;LI Hao;ZHANG Jianxi(School of Traffic and Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;Capital Metro,Beijing 101312,China;Second Branch,Beijing Subway Operation Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100043,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044 [2]北京京城地铁有限公司,北京101312 [3]北京市地铁运营有限公司运营二分公司,北京100043

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2024年第7期159-167,共9页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71621001)。

摘　　要：列车可变编组运营组织模式对地铁乘务排班计划的编制产生影响,为探讨可变编组和固定编组条件下乘务排班的区别,在降低运营成本的同时尽量提高乘务员值乘效率,以传统乘务排班模型为基础,以班次数及乘务区段接续时间最小为目标建立可变编组乘务排班调整模型,设计基于广度优先搜索的两阶段法求解,并以某条地铁线路为例进行分析。结果表明:对比固定编组,可变编组乘务排班计划仅增加4个白班,乘务员平均工作强度减小,乘务区段接续时长减少25min,区段连接更加紧密,乘务员等待时间变少;对比手工编制方法,两阶段法求解的可变编组和固定编组乘务排班计划分别减少了19个和18个班次,且值乘效率的变化不超过4%。案例结果验证了模型和算法的有效性,为探讨可变编组下排班问题的编制特征提供参考。The organization mode of train variable formation has impacts on the metro crew scheduling plan.To explore the differences between variable and fixed crew scheduling and to minimize operating costs while maximizing duty efficiency,this paper,based on the traditional scheduling model,established a variable formation crew scheduling adjustment model to minimize the number of shifts and the continuation time of crew sections.A two-stage method based on breadth-first search was designed and analyzed to solve the problems.Taking a metro line as a case study,the results show that:compared with the fixed formation,the variable formation crew scheduling only increases 4 day-shifts,and the average crew work intensity is reduced.The length of crew section succession is reduced by 25 min and the sections are more closely connected,which indicates less waiting time for crew.Compared to manual scheduling methods,the two-stage solution reduces 19 shifts for variable formation and 18 shifts for fixed formation duty scheduling plans.The change duty efficiency is no more than 4%.The results validate the effectiveness of the model and algorithm,providing a reference for exploring the characteristics of crew scheduling plan development under variable formation conditions.

关 键 词：地铁 乘务排班 固定编组 可变编组 两阶段法 广度优先搜索 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]