南亚果实蝇对不同品种西葫芦的产卵选择及生长适应性  

Oviposition selection and growth adaptability of Zeugodacus tau to different varieties of zucchini

作　　者：李貌 陈婷[2] 张金龙[1] 李娟 韦晓曼 陈国华[1] 张晓明[1] LI Mao;CHEN Ting;ZHANG Jinlong;LI Juan;WEI Xiaoman;CHEN Guohua;ZHANG Xiaoming(National Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan,College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,昆明650201 [2]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所,广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第4期154-160,175,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(202102AE090006);云南省中青年学术技术带头人后备人才项目(202105AC160071);兴滇英才支持计划青年人才专项(YNWRNBJ2020291);“云南省昭阳区苹果产业科技特派团”项目(202104BI090028)。

摘　　要：为明确南亚果实蝇Zeugodacus tau对不同品种西葫芦的产卵选择及生长适应性,以便为西葫芦上南亚果实蝇的防治提供参考,本研究选择4个西葫芦品种,‘新一代早青’‘新翡翠早生’‘圣峰’‘抗病早青一代’,在田间调查了南亚果实蝇的产卵情况,在室内观察了其生长发育,并对西葫芦果实硬度、糖度和含水量与南亚果实蝇产卵、生长发育参数等进行了相关性分析。结果表明,4个西葫芦品种受南亚果实蝇为害从轻到重依次为‘抗病早青一代’‘新一代早青’‘新翡翠早生’和‘圣峰’。幼虫历期和蛹历期为取食‘圣峰’时最短,取食‘抗病早青一代’时最长。蛹重、羽化率和存活率为取食‘圣峰’时最高,取食‘抗病早青一代’时最低。其中,取食‘圣峰’的幼虫历期和存活率分别为8.26 d和64.95%,取食‘抗病早青一代’的幼虫历期和存活率分别为12.67 d和41.69%。果实糖度与产卵孔数呈显著正相关,与蛹重和存活率呈极显著正相关。果实硬度与单孔产卵数呈显著负相关,与产卵孔数和百克果肉虫数呈极显著负相关。南亚果实蝇在不同品种西葫芦上的成虫产卵偏好性和幼虫生长适应性符合“偏好-表现”假说。南亚果实蝇偏好在果实硬度低、糖度高的西葫芦品种上产卵,‘抗病早青一代’对南亚果实蝇表现为抗,‘圣峰’对南亚果实蝇表现为感。In order to clarify the oviposition preference and growth adaptability of Zeugodacus tau to different zucchini varieties,and to provide reference for the prevention and control technology against Z.tau,the oviposition selectivity of Z.tau on four zucchini varieties,including‘New generation zaoqing’‘New feicuizaosheng’‘Shengfeng’and‘Disease-resistant zaoqingyidai’were investigated in the field and growth and development of Z.tau on different zucchini varieties were observed in the laboratory.The correlation between the fruit hardness,sugar content and water content of zucchini and the oviposition selectivity,growth and development parameters of Z.tau was analyzed.The results showed that the damage degree by Z.tau on four zucchini varieties followed the order of‘Disease-resistant zaoqingyidai’‘New generation zaoqing’‘New feicuizaosheng’and‘Shengfeng’.The shortest larval duration(8.26 d),pupal duration,along with the highest pupal weight,emergence rate and survival rate(64.95%)were observed when larvae feeding on‘Shengfeng’.And the longest larval duration(12.67 d),pupal duration,and the lowest pupal weight,emergence rate and survival rate(41.69%)were observed when larvae feeding on‘Disease-resistant zaoqingyidai’.Fruit sugar degree was significantly positively correlated with the number of oviposition holes,and extremely significantly positively correlated with pupal weight and survival rate.Fruit firmness was significantly negatively correlated with the number of eggs per hole,and extremely significantly negatively correlated with the number of oviposition holes and the number of larvae per 100 grams flesh.The adult oviposition preference and larval growth adaptability of Z.tau on different zucchini varieties are in line with the‘preference-performance’hypothesis.Z.tau prefers to lay eggs on zucchini varieties with low fruit hardness and high sugar degree.‘Disease-resistant zaoqingyidai’showed resistance to Z.tau,while‘Shengfeng’displayed susceptibility to Z.tau.

关 键 词：南亚果实蝇 西葫芦 产卵选择性 幼虫适生性 抗虫性 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]