西瓜叶斑病病原菌的鉴定及室内药剂筛选  

Identification of the pathogen causing leaf spot on watermelon and fungicide screening in vitro

作　　者：曾蓉[1] 徐丽慧[1] 陈灏岚 成玮[3] 高萍 高士刚[1] 宋志伟 戴富明[1] ZENG Rong;XU Lihui;CHEN Haolan;CHENG Wei;GAO Ping;GAO Shigang;SONG Zhiwei;DAI Fuming(Eco-Environment Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Technology,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403,China;Pudong District Agro-technology Extension Center,Shanghai 201323,China;Shanghai Agro-technology Extension Center,Shanghai 201799,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海市设施园艺重点实验室,上海201403 [2]上海市浦东新区农业技术推广服务中心,上海201323 [3]上海市农业技术推广服务中心,上海201799

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第4期310-317,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：上海市西瓜甜瓜产业技术体系建设(沪农科产字(2022)第1号);上海市农业科学院生态所揭榜挂帅(生科-JB 2023-2)。

摘　　要：2022年在上海市浦东新区西瓜上发生一种深褐色、不规则至近圆形斑的叶部病害。采用组织分离法对病害样本进行分离,分离物SHCCC01经柯赫氏法则验证具有较强致病性。根据分离物的菌落特征、分生孢子形态、生物学特征以及基于核糖体内部转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)、组蛋白基因(histone,His)、真核翻译延伸因子1α(translation elongation factor 1α,TEF 1-α)和肌动蛋白(actin,Act)基因联合系统发育分析等,将病原菌鉴定为瓜类尾孢Cercospora citrullina。10种杀菌剂对该病原菌的毒力测定试验结果表明:氟啶胺、己唑醇、氟环唑、戊唑醇等4种药剂对病原菌的抑菌活性较高,其EC_(50)分别为0.3752、0.5754、1.4723、1.8902μg/mL。这些结果为西瓜尾孢叶斑病的防控和杀菌剂登记提供了重要依据。A kind of watermelon leaf spot disease was found in Pudong district,Shanghai.The isolates were obtained from diseased samples by tissue isolation method.Pathogenicity of the isolate SHCCC01 was verified by Koch’s postulates.The pathogen was identified by morphology,biological characteristics,and multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer(ITS),histone(His),translation elongation factor 1α(TEF 1-α)and actin(Act).The results showed that the pathogen of the watermelon leaf spot disease was Cercospora citrullina.Among the ten tested fungicides,fluazinam,hexaconazole,epoxiconazole and tebuconazole showed strong inhibition to hyphal growth of C.citrullina isolate SHCCC01 with the EC_(50)value of 0.3752,0.5754,1.4723 and 1.8902μg/mL,respectively.These results provide important theoretical basis for control of watermelon Cercospora leaf spot disease and registration of fungicides.

关 键 词：西瓜 瓜类尾孢 多基因序列联合分析 毒力测定 

分 类 号：S436.5[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]