重庆高粱炭疽病病原菌鉴定及防治药剂筛选  

Identification of the pathogen of sorghum anthracnose in Chongqing and fungicides screening

作　　者：王秋月 黄娟[1] 李四光 张亚勤[1] 李泽碧[1] 刘永琴 周瑜 WANG Qiuyue;HUANG Juan;LI Siguang;ZHANG Yaqin;LI Zebi;LIU Yongqin;ZHOU Yu(Institute of Characteristic Crops Research,Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 402160,China;Chongqing Jiangjin District Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Chongqing 402260,China;Chongqing Yongchuan District Plant Protection and Plant Inspection Station,Chongqing 402160,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院特色作物研究所,重庆402160 [2]重庆市江津区农业技术推广中心,重庆402260 [3]重庆市永川区植保植检站,重庆402160

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第4期323-330,367,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项(cstc2019jscx-msxmX0384);重庆市科研院所绩效激励引导专项(cstc2022jxjl80016,cqaas2020jxjl03);重庆市永川区自然科学基金(2022yc-jckx20033)。

摘　　要：高粱种植业是重庆地区重要产业,高粱炭疽病在部分地区发生流行,严重危害高粱的产量和品质。明确重庆高粱主要产区高粱炭疽病的致病菌,筛选出高效防治药剂,可为重庆地区高粱炭疽病的有效防治提供依据。本研究采集了重庆市永川区、梁平区和江津区等8个高粱主产区炭疽病病样,分离纯化得到13个菌株。通过病原菌形态特征观察,结合多基因(ITS,GAPDH,ACT,CHS)联合的系统发育分析,来自不同地区的13个高粱炭疽菌菌株属于同一分支,均为高粱刺盘孢Colletotrichum sublineola,表明C.sublineola是重庆高粱主产区炭疽病的致病菌。采用菌丝生长速率法测定10种杀菌剂对高粱炭疽病菌的菌丝生长抑制效果,发现氟菌唑、肟菌·戊唑醇、甲基硫菌灵、吡唑醚菌酯和多菌灵等5种杀菌剂对高粱炭疽病菌的EC 50在0.0180~0.1097μg/mL之间,具有较好的抑制作用。田间药效试验结果表明,75%肟菌·戊唑醇WG、70%甲基硫菌灵WP和250 g/L吡唑醚菌酯EC表现出较好的防治效果,防效分别达到61.86%、56.09%和54.80%,在高粱生产中应用潜力大。Sorghum cultivation is an important industry in Chongqing.Sorghum anthracnose is prevalent in some areas,which seriously affects the yield and quality of sorghum.In order to provide a basis for field control of sorghum anthracnose in Chongqing,we identified the pathogen of sorghum anthracnose in major sorghum planting areas of Chongqing,and screened efficient fungicides.Thirteen strains were selected after isolation and purification from samples collected from Yongchuan district,Liangping district,Jiangjin district,Dazu district,Dianjiang county,Yunyang county,Zhongxian county,and Tongnan district of Chongqing.Through the observation of morphological characteristics of the pathogen,combined with phylogenetic analysis of multi-gene(ITS,GAPDH,ACT,CHS)association,the 13 strains belonged to the same branch,all of which were Colletotrichum sublineola,suggesting that C.sublineola was the pathogen of sorghum anthracnose in Chongqing.Indoor inhibition test of the 10 fungicides against mycelial growth showed that five fungicides,including triflumizole,trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole,thiophanate-methyl,pyraclostrobin and carbendazim,had the best inhibitory effect on sorghum anthracnose with EC 50 values ranging from 0.0180μg/mL to 0.1097μg/mL.Control efficacy tests showed that trifloxystrobin·tebuconazole 75%WG,thiophanate-methyl 70%WP and pyraclostrobin 250 g/L EC had better effect in field,with efficacies of 61.86%,56.09%and 54.80%,respectively,indicating that these fungicides are potential candidates for the control of sorghum anthracnose in sorghum production.

关 键 词：高粱 炭疽病 病原鉴定 多基因联合分析 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S435.14[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]