甘薯苗期黑斑病对薯苗生长的影响及药剂浸种对黑斑病的防治效果  

Effects of sweet potato black rot on seedlings growth and control efficacy of soaking storage roots with fungicides

作　　者：张德胜[1] 田雨婷[1] 马占宽 赵付枚 王英志[1] 张振臣[1] ZHANG Desheng;TIAN Yuting;MA Zhankuan;ZHAO Fumei;WANG Yingzhi;ZHANG Zhenchen(Institute of Plant Protection,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Henan Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control,Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southern Part of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Ruyang Country,Henan Province,Luoyang 471200,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物保护研究所,河南省农作物病虫害防治重点实验室,农业农村部华北南部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,郑州450002 [2]河南省汝阳县植保植检站,洛阳471200

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第4期331-336,355,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家甘薯产业技术体系(CARS-10-B15);河南省科技攻关项目(212102110458)。

摘　　要：为明确甘薯苗期黑斑病对薯苗生长的影响及25%肟菌·异菌脲悬浮剂浸种的防治效果,通过人工接菌和药液浸种试验,对各处理的种薯发芽、生长、产苗量及薯苗带菌率进行了调查。结果表明,种薯或基质带菌育苗,种薯发芽数与未接菌处理相比没有显著差异;不同浓度25%肟菌·异菌脲悬浮剂浸种对种薯发芽数也未见显著影响。与未接菌处理相比,种薯带菌和育苗基质带菌处理未药剂浸种时产苗量分别减少43.97%和59.82%。使用25%肟菌·异菌脲悬浮剂500 mg/L浸种时,种薯和基质带菌试验中千克种薯产苗分别为74.12株和69.56株,苗床接菌试验中产苗分别为126.92株和85.31株,均显著高于未药剂浸种的处理。调查发现,种薯或苗床带菌会使萌发的嫩芽受黑斑病菌感染,引起死苗、生长停滞和薯苗带菌,是产苗量减少的主要原因。25%肟菌·异菌脲悬浮剂浸种可减少薯苗发病,增加产苗量。In order to determine effects of sweet potato black rot on seedlings growth and control efficacy of soaking storage roots with trifloxystrobin·iprodione 25%SC,the sprouting,growth,amount of seedlings and infected rate were investigated in each treatment by artificial inoculation and soaking storage roots with fungicide solution.The results showed there was no significant difference in the number of sprouts per kilogram of storage roots between inoculated treatments and uninoculated treatments and there was no significant difference in the number of sprouts by soaking storage roots with trifloxystrobin·iprodione 25%SC at different concentrations.Compared with the uninoculated treatments,the amount of seedlings of contaminated storage roots and contaminated substrate without soaking storage roots treatments decreased by 43.97%and 59.82%,respectively.When storage roots were soaked with trifloxystrobin·iprodione 25%SC at 500 mg/L,the amount of seedlings of contaminated storage roots and contaminated substrate treatments were 74.12 and 69.56 seedlings per kilogram of storage roots,respectively,and the same treatment in the infected seed bed were 126.92 and 85.31 seedlings,respectively,which were all significantly higher than those for non-soaked treatment.In summary,the sprouts of storage roots can be infected with contaminated storage roots or contaminated seedbeds,causing dead seedlings,growth stagnation and sweet potato seedlings carrying Ceratocystis fimbriata,which is the main reason for the reduction amount of seedlings.Soaking storage roots with trifloxystrobin·iprodione 25%SC can reduce sweet potato black rot on seedlings and increase the amount of seedlings.

关 键 词：甘薯 甘薯长喙壳 甘薯苗期黑斑病 浸种 产苗量 

分 类 号：S435.313.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]