橡胶树白粉病拮抗放线菌的筛选及田间防效评价  

Screening of antagonistic actinomycetes against powdery mildew disease of rubber tree and its field efficacy

作　　者：施玉萍[1] 刘一贤[1] 李岚岚 戴利铭 蔡志英[1] SHI Yuping;LIU Yixian;LI Lanlan;DAI Liming;CAI Zhiying(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization Research on Rubber Tree,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Breeding and Cultivation Technology of Rubber Tree,Jinghong 666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,云南省天然橡胶可持续利用研究重点实验室(筹),天然橡胶良种选育与栽培技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,景洪666100

出　　处：《植物保护》2024年第4期347-355,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：云南省热带作物科学研究所青年人才成长基金(QNCZ2022-3,QNCZ2021-2);云南省财政专项(RF2024-4-1);西双版纳橡胶林生态系统云南省野外科学观测研究站项目(202205AM070004)。

摘　　要：为筛选对橡胶树白粉病菌具有拮抗作用的生防放线菌,本研究从云南省主要植胶区橡胶树根际土壤中分离放线菌,以橡胶树主要病害病原菌为靶标菌,采用平板对峙培养法初步筛选出1株抑菌效果良好的放线菌菌株,命名为DL5C,其对橡胶树尖孢炭疽菌Colletotrichum acutatum、胶孢炭疽菌C.gloeosporioides、橡胶树白根病病菌Rigidoporus lignosus、橡胶树褐根病病菌Phellinus noxius的抑菌率分别为58.35%、60.97%、60.03%、74.00%;DL5C菌株发酵滤液对橡胶树白粉病菌Oidium heveae孢子萌发的抑制率达72.40%;田间试验结果表明,处理7 d后,DL5C菌株发酵液对橡胶树白粉病的相对防效为80.93%。通过菌株形态特征、培养特征、生理生化特性以及16S rRNA基因序列分析,放线菌菌株DL5C被鉴定为不吸水链霉菌Streptomyces ahygroscopicus。In order to screen the biocontrol actinomycetes with strong antagonistic effect on powdery mildew pathogen of rubber tree,actinomycetes were isolated from the rhizospheric soils of rubber tree in the main rubber planting areas of Yunnan province in this study.A strain DL5C was preliminarily screened out using the plate confrontation method,which show good antagonistic activities to Colletotrichum acutatum,Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,Rigidoporus lignosus,Phellinus noxius,the inhibition rate was 58.35%,60.97%,60.03%,and 74.00%,respectively.The inhibition rate of the fermentation filtrate of the strain DL5C on the spore germination of Oidium heveae,the pathogen of rubber tree powdery mildew,amounted to 72.40%.Furthermore,the fermentation broth of the strain DL5C can control rubber tree powdery mildew disease in the field,with the efficacy of 80.93%seven days after application.Based on morphological,culture,physiological and biochemical features,and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis,the strain DL5C was identified as Streptomyces ahygroscopicus.

关 键 词：橡胶树白粉病 拮抗放线菌 不吸水链霉菌 生物防治 田间防效 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]