基于声学求解耦合的车内气动噪声水平优化  

Automotive Wind Induced Interior Noise Optimization Using FEM

作　　者：姜晴雯 张英朝[1] 关青青 杜冠茂 Jiang Qingwen;Zhang Yingchao;Guan Qingqing;Du Guanmao(State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;SAIC Volkswagen Automotive Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201805,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室,吉林长春130022 [2]上海汽车集团股份有限公司上汽大众汽车有限公司,上海201805

出　　处：《气动研究与试验》2024年第4期97-103,共7页Aerodynamic Research & Experiment

摘　　要：本文采用计算流体力学(CFD)与声学求解器(应用FEM)耦合计算的方式,对140km/h工况下代号为TMS的某汽车模型进行外流场与内外声场分析,利用直接计算法对A柱、后视镜与车窗表面的声压情况进行了计算与分析,找出外场风噪声严重的区域;然后利用有限元方法对车内噪声水平进行了计算,对驾驶员内外耳处的噪声水平进行了重点分析。根据分析的结果,从车外造型方面提出了两种改进方案,分别是减薄镜柄和侧窗前部加凸起特征。通过对驾驶员左耳处声压级曲线的对比情况来看,两种方案均对车内噪声水平实现了0~2dB之间不同程度的降低,达到了最初的降噪目的,对以后应用该方法进行汽车车内气动噪声研究具有一定的参考意义。The CFD coupled with acoustic solver(FEM)calculation method is used in this paper to analyze the exteral flow field and the internal and extemal sound field of a certain vehicle model code-named TMS in the 140km/h working condition.The direct calculation method is used to calculate and analyze the sound pressure of the monitoring points outside the vehicle,A-pillar,rear-view mirror and the surface of the window.Then the interior noise level is calculated by using the finite element method and the interior noise level and the sound pressure distribution on the window glass are analyzed emphatically.According to the results of the analysis,two improvements were proposed in terms of exterior styling,namely the thinning of the handle and the convex feature at the front of the side window.Through the comparison between the sound pressure level curve of the driver's left ear,the above schemes can reduce the interior noise level by 0~2dB to different degrees,the reduction has reached the initial purpose of noise reduction,and it has certain reference significance for the later application of this method for the study of aerodynamic noise in automobile vehicles.

关 键 词：汽车噪声 CFD FEM 汽车气动噪声 声传播 降噪 

分 类 号：U46[机械工程—车辆工程]