智慧海关视角下现代化口岸公共卫生体系建设的思考  

Reflection on the Construction of Modern Port Public Health System from the Perspective of Smart Customs

作　　者：李林中 张繁 吴海磊 黄坚辉 Li Linzhong;Zhang Fan;Wu Hailei;Huang Jianhui

机构地区：[1]南通海关机场监管科 [2]连云港海关业务运行监控科 [3]南京海关卫生检疫处

出　　处：《海关与经贸研究》2024年第2期31-40,共10页Journal of Customs and Trade

基　　金：南京海关科研项目“防范输入性疟疾再传播的口岸现场流行病学关键技术研究”(项目批准号:2023KJ18)。

摘　　要：本文回顾了口岸卫生检疫三年来取得的成绩,总结了在新冠疫情防控中暴露出口岸公共卫生体系存在的法律体系不健全、部分口岸设施设备落后、“多病同防”意识不强、监管方式单一、风险布控不精准、数据共享不通畅、业务信息平台分散、实验室检测能力较弱、应急处置能力有限、联防联控机制不完善等问题。本文旨在从智慧海关建设角度,在“智慧海关、智能边境、智享联通”新要求下,探索健全完善法治化公共卫生治理体系、公共卫生风险监测评估体系、智慧卫生检疫信息管理平台体系、口岸公共卫生应急处置体系、卫生检疫技术支撑保障体系几个方面,加快推进智慧卫生检疫建设,持续完善口岸公共卫生体系,切实增强防范化解海关生物安全重大、系统性风险的能力,促进高水平开放高质量发展,服务构建新发展格局。This paper reviews the achievements of port health quarantine in the past three years and summarizes the problems the port public health system exposed in the prevention and control of COVID-19 pandemic,such as the imperfect health and quarantine legal system,outdated and non-standardized port facilities and equipment,insufficient awareness of integrated control over multiple infectious diseases,inflexible supervision method,inaccurate risk targeting,poor data sharing,scattered quarantine management platforms,limited laboratory testing capacity,inadequate emergency response capacity,and imperfect joint prevention and control mechanism.From the perspective of smart customs construction,based on the new requirements of“smart customs,smart border,and smart connectivity”,this paper aims to explore and improve the public health governance system under the rule of law,the public health risk monitoring and assessment system,the smart health quarantine information management platform,the port public health emergency response system,and the health quarantine technical support system.The goal is to accelerate the development of smart health quarantine,continuously improve the port public health system and the customs bio-security system,strengthen the ability to prevent and address major and systemic risks,promote high-quality development at a high level,and support the establishment of a new development paradigm.

关 键 词：口岸公共卫生 智慧海关 卫生检疫 人工智能 数字化 

分 类 号：R185[医药卫生—流行病学]