烟气CO_(2)化学吸收与加氢转化催化剂研究进展  

Research progress of CO_(2) chemical absorption from flue gas and hydroconversion catalysts

作　　者：王燕霞 付娜 胡修德 WANG Yanxia;FU Na;HU Xiude(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Key Laboratory for Chemical Engineering and Technology,State Ethnic Affairs Commission,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Key Laboratory of Solar Chemical Conversion Technology,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学化学与化学工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]北方民族大学国家民委化工技术基础重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [3]北方民族大学宁夏太阳能化学转化技术重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [4]宁夏大学化学化工学院省部共建煤炭高效利用与绿色化工国家重点实验室,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《低碳化学与化工》2024年第7期84-95,共12页Low-Carbon Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金(2022AAC03251);国家自然科学基金(22268002)。

摘　　要：燃煤电厂燃烧发电过程排放大量CO_(2),烟气中CO_(2)高效捕集和资源化利用对于实现碳减排而言尤为重要。燃烧后烟气CO_(2)化学吸收是目前最成熟的分离方法,目前已有相关CO_(2)捕集项目成功运行,但仍存在高成本、高能耗的缺点。新型高效CO_(2)吸收剂开发、工艺优化成为当前研究的热点。烟气中CO_(2)化学吸收串联加氢催化合成化学品、燃料是燃煤电厂进行碳减排的有效途径。随着CO_(2)催化转化研究的不断深入,国内外学者在CO_(2)催化加氢制化学品领域取得了一定进展。首先,介绍了单胺吸收剂碳捕集原理和再生能耗,进一步综述了新型吸收剂(混合胺溶液、两相吸收剂和功能化离子液体)的CO_(2)吸收性能、节能降耗原理及碳捕集流程,探讨了CO_(2)解吸催化剂、工艺参数优化在降低再生能耗方面的研究现状。其次,从不同类型的CO_(2)加氢转化产物(甲醇、低碳烯烃和高碳烃)出发,对CO_(2)催化加氢催化剂的研究进展进行了阐述。最后,展望了燃烧后烟气CO_(2)化学吸收法及CO_(2)加氢催化剂的发展方向。A large amount of CO_(2) is emitted from power generation process of coal-fired power plants.Efficient capture and resource utilization of CO_(2) from flue gas is particularly important for carbon emission reduction.CO_(2) chemical absorption from post-combustion flue gas is the most mature separation method,and some CO_(2) capture projects have been successfully implemented,but there are still shortcomings of high cost and high energy consumption.The development of new efficient CO_(2) absorbents and process optimization have become the focus of current research.The connection of CO_(2) chemical absorption and catalytic synthesis of chemicals and fuels from CO_(2) hydrogenation in flue gas is an effective way to reduce carbon emission in coal-fired power plants.With the continuous deepening of CO_(2) catalytic conversion research,domestic and foreign researchers have made some progress in CO_(2) catalytic hydrogenation to chemicals.Firstly,the carbon capture mechanism and renewable energy consumption of monoamine absorbents were introduced,and the CO_(2) absorption performance,energy consumption reduction principle and carbon capture process of new absorbents(mixed amine solution,two-phase absorbent and functionalized ionic liquid)were further reviewed.The research status of CO_(2) desorption catalysts and process parameter optimization in reducing renewable energy consumption were summarized.Then,based on the different types of CO_(2) hydrogenation products(methanol,low carbon olefins and high carbon hydrocarbons),the research progress of CO_(2) catalytic hydrogenation catalysts was investigated.Finally,the development direction of CO_(2) capture by chemical absorption method after combustion and CO_(2) hydrogenation catalysts were prospected.

关 键 词：CO_(2)捕集 化学吸收 催化加氢 甲醇 烯烃 高碳烃 

分 类 号：TQ09[化学工程]