我言,故我在:兼论人类和计算机两种语言智能  

I Speak,Therefor I Am:On the Language Intelligence of Humans and Computers

作　　者：蔡曙山[1] CAI Shushan

机构地区：[1]清华大学认知科学与技术研究中心,北京100084

出　　处：《外国语文》2024年第4期11-32,共22页Foreign Languages and Literature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“认知科学视阈下的中华文化特质研究”(23&ZD238);贵州省哲学社会科学规划国学单列重大项目“认知科学与阳明心学的实证研究”(20GZGX10)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：考察古代哲学、近代哲学和现当代哲学的发展史,可以证明人类心智对世界的关注从认知客体(古代哲学)开始,转到认知主体(近代哲学),再转到认知主客体的中间环节语言(现当代哲学)。语言智能就是在符号语言基础上产生的智能,包括人类的语言智能和计算机的语言智能,显然这两种智能都是以语言为基础的。所以,语言智能型的ChatGPT比过去思维智能型的AlphaGo等有更强的智能和更大的认知能力,它的表现也会更像人类。20世纪的语言学革命产生一系列的重要事件,形成一个语言认知的连续统。从乔姆斯基语言学革命的标志性成果GT到ChatGPT,人工智能到底走了多远?本文以人类认知五层级理论为依据,以ChatGPT为样本,讨论语言智能相关的一些重要问题,并得出我们的结论。This paper first examines the history of ancient philosophy,modern philosophy and contemporary philosophy to show that the attention of the human mind to the world starts from the cognitive object(ancient philosophy),turns to the cognitive subject(modern philosophy),and then turns to the intermediate link,that is,the language(modern and contemporary philosophy).Language intelligence is the intelligence produced on the basis of symbolic language,including human language intelligence and computer language intelligence,both of which are obviously based on language.Therefore,the language-AI ChatGPT has stronger intelligence and greater cognitive ability than the thinking-AI AlphaGo of the past,and it will also behave more like a human.The linguistic revolution of the 2oth century produced a series of important events that formed a continuum of linguistic cognition.From GT,the signature achievement of Chomsky's linguistic revolution,to ChatCPT,how far has AI really gone?Based on the five-level theory of human cognition and taking ChatGPT as a sample,this paper discusses some important issues related to linguistic intelligence and draws our conclusions.

关 键 词：语言 心智 人工智能 认知科学 

分 类 号：H087[语言文字—语言学]