历史仪式礼貌视域下晚清奏折道歉语研究  

Apologies in Memorials to the Throne in the Late Qing Dynasty—A RitualTheory-based Inquiry

作　　者：卢加伟[1] 孙莉雯 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学

出　　处：《外国语文研究（辑刊）》2024年第1期122-134,共13页

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“话语语用学范式下二语会话语用非流利研究”(17FYY022)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本研究以曾国藩的奏折为语料,基于Kádár的仪式礼貌理论,从历史语用学视角探究晚清奏疏道歉言语行为的仪式化表达、语用策略及权利义务关系内涵。研究发现,晚清臣子以固定的体例和词句实现仪式框架下的规约道歉表达,或在直接向皇帝道歉的同时,基于直陈过失、自我贬损和情感抒发等策略,使用直接道歉、维护面子等手段实现非规约性表达。晚清道歉语具备等级性、目的性和责任性的特征。利用这两种仪式化言语表达方式,晚清道歉语作用于仪式群体道德秩序的感知与修复,构建君臣间道德秩序。本研究丰富了历史仪式礼貌的语料范围,同时为从语言学角度探讨晚清君臣关系提供了佐证。Based on Daniel Kádár's theory of ritual politeness,this study explores the ritualized expressions,pragmatic strategies and the connotation of the relationship between rights and obligations in the late Qing Dynasty's memorials to the throne from the perspective of historical pragmatics.It is found that in the late Qing Dynasty,ministers used fixed sentence patterns and words to realize conventional apologies under the framework of the ritual;or they used direct apologies,face saving strategies and other means to realize unconventional expressions based on the strategies of indicating mistakes,self-derogation and expressing feelings.Apologiesin the late Qing Dynasty are characterized by hierarchy,purpose and responsibility.Taking advantages of these two forms of ritualized speech acts,apologies in the lateQing Dynasty played a role in the perception and repair of the moral order of the ritualgroups,and constructed the moral order between the emperor and his ministers.Thisstudy has enriched the corpus range of historical ritual politeness and providedevidence for discussing the relationship between emperor and ministers in the lateQing Dynasty from the linguistic perspective.

关 键 词：历史语用学 历史仪式礼貌 道歉语 奏折 晚清 

分 类 号：H134[语言文字—汉语]