纤维体积分数对C_(f)/Al复合材料热残余应力及损伤影响的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of the effects of fiber volume fraction on thermal residual stress and damage of C_(f)/Al composites

作　　者：蒋文刚 刘其鹏 王振军 高月华 万嘉伟 JIANG Wengang;LIU Qipeng;WANG Zhenjun;GAO Yuehua;WAN Jiawei(National Defense Key Disciplines Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology,Nanchang Hangkong University,330063 Nanchang,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室,南昌330063

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2024年第4期752-763,共12页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52165018);江西省主要学科学术和技术带头人培养计划——领军人才资助项目(No.20225BCJ22002)。

摘　　要：针对真空压力浸渗法制备的单向碳纤维增强铝基复合材料(单向C_(f)/Al复合材料),基于基体延性损伤和界面内聚力本构建立了细观力学有限元模型,结合热膨胀实验,研究了其降温过程中热残余应力和损伤的分布与演化规律,并对纤维体积分数的影响进行了分析。结果表明:构建的细观力学单胞有限元模型能有效地模拟材料的宏观热膨胀变形行为及横向拉伸力学性能,可用于热残余应力及损伤状态的预测;材料制备完成后,基体主要承受热残余拉应力,纤维主要承受热残余压应力;随着纤维体积分数的提高,基体中残余拉应力在富基体区域的集中程度逐渐增大,纤维中残余压应力值显著降低;基体损伤发源于贫基体区域临近界面处,纤维体积分数越高,降温过程中基体初始损伤发生越早,最终损伤程度越大;纤维体积分数较大时,贫基体区域附近的界面会产生损伤,界面损伤发生在基体损伤之后。For unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced aluminum composites(unidirectional C_(f)/Al composites)prepared by vacuum pressure infiltration,a meso-mechanical finite element model was established based on the constitutive model of matrix ductile damage and interface cohesive zone.Combined with thermal expansion experiments,the distribution and evolution of thermal residual stress and damage during the cooling process were studied,and the influence of fiber volume fraction was analyzed.The results show that the meso-mechanical unit cell finite element model can effectively simulate the macro-thermal expansion deformation behavior and transverse tensile mechanical properties of the composities,which can be used to predict the thermal residual stress and damage.After the preparation of composites,the matrix mainly bears thermal residual tensile stress,while the fiber mainly bears thermal residual compressive stress.With the increase of fiber volume fraction,the degree of concentration of residual tensile stress in the matrix-rich zone increases gradually,and the residual compressive stress in the fiber decreases significantly.The matrix damage originates from the matrix-poor zone near the interface;the higher the fiber volume fraction is,the earlier the initial damage of the matrix occurs during the cooling process,and the greater the final damage degree.When the fiber volume fraction is large,the interface near the matrix-poor zone will be damaged,and the interface damage occurs after the matrix damage.

关 键 词：铝基复合材料 热残余应力 损伤 细观力学 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]