卧式香蕉秸秆粉碎还田机关键部件优化设计  

Optimization Design of Key Components of Horizontal Banana Straw Crushing and Returning Machine

作　　者：位士全 李粤[1] 吴紫晗 李志强 Wei Shiquan;Li Yue;Wu Zihan;Li Zhiqiang(Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Computer Science and Technology College,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学机电工程学院,海口570228 [2]海南大学计算机科学与技术学院,海口570228

出　　处：《农机化研究》2024年第12期58-66,共9页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：海南省院士创新平台科研专项(YSPTZX202110);海南省重点实验室和工程技术研究中心建设专项(HD-YSZX-202103);国家自然科学基金项目(51965015)。

摘　　要：针对现有香蕉秸秆粉碎还田机存在的秸秆纤维缠绕、秸秆粉碎不彻底等问题,对卧式香蕉秸秆粉碎还田机的关键部件进行优化。设计了机具的整体结构,通过降低刀辊高度提高机具稳定性,在一定程度上避免香蕉秸秆纤维缠绕。合理设计传动路线,加入同步装置,避免两侧传动不同步对机具造成损伤,以齿轮传动替代皮带传动减少动力损失。对粉碎装置中的刀辊和粉碎刀具进行设计研究。通过受力分析、强度校核等方式确定刀型、弯折角、刀片厚度、安装倾角等结构参数。粉碎刀具采用对称交错的排列方式排列,减少刀轴作业时产生的振动影响,且切断速度低,使得机具功耗降低。通过田间试验,分别对机具前进速度、粉碎刀辊转速进行单因素试验,得出合理参数组合,即机具前进速度为0.7m/s、粉碎刀辊转速为1200r/min时,香蕉秸秆粉碎合格率为95.94%,工作效率为0.414hm^(2)/h,满足还田要求。Aiming at the problems of straw fiber winding and incomplete straw crushing in the existing banana straw crushing and returning machine,the key components of the horizontal banana straw crushing and returning machine are optimized.The overall structure of the tool was designed,which improved the stability of the tool by reducing the height of the knife roller and avoiding the winding of banana straw fiber to a certain extent.Reasonably design the transmission route,add a synchronous device,avoid damage to the tool caused by the transmission of both sides out of synchronization,and replace the belt drive with gear transmission to reduce power loss.Design studies of knife rolls and crushing knives in the pulverizer.Through force analysis,strength checking,etc.,the structural parameters such as knife shape,bending angle,blade thickness,and installation inclination angle are determined.The crushing tools are arranged symmetrically and staggered,which reduces the vibration influence generated during the operation of the knife shaft,and the low cutting speed reduces the power consumption of the tool.Through the field test,the tool forward speed and crushing knife roll speed were tested with single factors,and a reasonable parameter combination was obtained through the test,that is,the forward speed of the tool was 0.7m/s,and the speed of the crushing knife roller was 1200r/min,under the combination of parameters,the banana straw crushing qualification rate was 95.94%,and the working efficiency was 0.414 hm^(2)/h,which met the requirements of returning to the field.

关 键 词：香蕉秸秆 粉碎还田机 粉碎刀辊 粉碎刀具 

分 类 号：S224.29[农业科学—农业机械化工程]