火灾影响下立式储罐失效行为分析  

Analysis of Failure Behavior of Vertical Storage Tanks Under Fire Influence

作　　者：王春 Wang Chun(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety,Shandong,Qingdao,266104;SINOPEC Research Institute of Safety Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shandong,Qingdao,266104)

机构地区：[1]化学品安全全国重点实验室,山东青岛266104 [2]中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,山东青岛266104

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2024年第7期45-52,共8页Safety Health & Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3011100),面向大型复杂火场的举高喷射消防机器人关键技术研究及应用。

摘　　要：为研究着火储罐失效行为,采用火灾动力学-传热-结构响应多物理场耦合方式,开展了着火立式储罐罐壁热辐射分布、温度分布规律及模型,屈曲失效等行为分析。结果表明,着火立式储罐首先在液面上部发生屈曲变形,对于5000 m^(3)/10000 m^(3)汽柴油立式储罐,屈曲临界温度在300~500℃之间,屈曲失效时间在30~70 s之间;立式储罐尺寸增加,屈曲临界温度明显降低,屈曲失效时间也显著降低。屈曲导致立式储罐罐壁凹凸不平,冷却不均,火灾难以扑灭,建议强化液面附近的罐壁冷却保护。In order to study the failure behavior of ignited storage tanks,a multi physical field coupling method of fire dynamics heat transfer structural response was adopted to analyze the thermal radiation distribution,temperature distribution law and model of the wall of the ignited vertical storage tank,as well as the buckling failure behavior.The results showed that the vertical storage tank on fire first underwent buckling deformation at the upper part of the liquid surface.For a 5000 m 3/10000 m 3 gasoline and diesel vertical storage tank,the critical buckling temperature was between 300~500℃,and the buckling failure time was between 30~70 s;As the size of vertical storage tanks increased,the critical buckling temperature significantly decreased,and the buckling failure time also significantly decreased.Buckling led to uneven walls and uneven cooling of vertical storage tanks,making it difficult to extinguish fires.It was recommended to strengthen the cooling protection of the tank walls near the liquid level.

关 键 词：立式储罐 火灾动力学 传热 罐壁屈曲 失效行为 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]