东北黑土区农村宅基地功能转型特征与机制研究——以海伦市长华村为例  

Study on the Characteristics and Mechanism of Functional Transition of Rural Residential Land in Northeast Black Soil Area:A Case Study of Changhua,Hailun

作　　者：李冬梅[1,2] 文清 祁悦 LI Dongmei;WEN Qing;QI Yue(School of Public Administration and Law,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150038,China;State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学公共管理与法学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150038 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所黑土地保护与利用国家重点实验室,吉林长春130102

出　　处：《中国土地科学》2024年第6期113-121,共9页China Land Science

基　　金：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目(19JYC124)。

摘　　要：研究目的:揭示东北黑土区村域尺度农村宅基地功能转型特征与驱动机制,探寻“三权分置”制度框架下宅基地的活化利用与有效管理对策。研究方法:实地调查法和案例研究法。研究结果:(1)东北黑土区内农村宅基地的居住功能弱化,农业生产功能增强,宅基地功能由居住功能主导向居住、生产二元复合功能或农业生产功能为主导转变;(2)村域尺度内,农村宅基地功能转型的阶段特征明显,空间上表现为与中心村的距离越远,宅基地功能转型程度越剧烈;(3)在城镇化等外缘要素的影响下,乡村地域系统内人口和产业的变化共同驱动农村宅基地功能转型;(4)农村宅基地“三权分置”的制度框架下,结合农村宅基地功能组合和利用状态,引导农户选择适宜的宅基地利用方式,有利于促进宅基地利用效率提升。研究结论:东北黑土区农村宅基地功能正在经历转型过程,应根据宅基地功能转型阶段特征,深化农村宅基地“三权分置”改革,筛选适宜的宅基地利用与管理方式。The purpose of this study is to reveal the characteristics and mechanism of village-scale rural residential land functional transition in Northeast Black Soil Area,to put forward countermeasures and suggestions for the utilization and management of rural residential land based on the“tripartite entitlement system”.The methods of theoretical analysis,field investigation,mathematical statistical analysis and case study were employed.The results show that:1)the residential function of rural residential land in Northeast Black Soil Area was weakening,and the agricultural production function was strengthening,with a functional transition from the residential function to the dual function of residence and production or the agricultural production function.2)In the village scale,the stage characteristics of the functional transition of rural residential land were obvious.In terms of space,the further from the central village,the more drastic the functional transition of rural residential land.3)Under the influence of external factors,such as urbanization,the changes of human beings and agricultural industry in the rural regional system jointly drove the functional transition of rural residential land.4)Under the institutional framework of“tripartite entitlement system”of rural residential land,combined with the functional status of rural residential land use,guiding farmers to choose appropriate ways of rural residential land use is conducive to promoting the improvement of rural residential land use efficiency.In conclusion,the function of rural residential land in Northeast Black Soil Area is undergoing a transition process,and the suitable rural residential land use and management mode should be selected according to the characteristics of rural residential land function transition stages to deepen the reform of“tripartite entitlement system”of rural residential land.

关 键 词：农村宅基地 功能转型 空心村治理 东北黑土区 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]