油豆角穴播器的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of the Hole Planter for Snap Beans

作　　者：杨沫 陈长海[2] 马永财[1] 毕春辉[2] Yang Mo;Chen Changhai;Ma Yongcai;Bi Chunhui(Engineering College,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing163000,China;Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150029,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163000 [2]哈尔滨市农业科学院,哈尔滨150029

出　　处：《农机化研究》2024年第11期182-190,共9页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2019E073)。

摘　　要：针对油豆角穴播器作业过程中容易出现鸭嘴撕膜、挑膜造成的“连筋”现象,导致播种质量差、地膜漏风、播种合格率不高等问题,设计了一种油豆角鸭嘴式穴播器,并确定了穴播器的内部结构、工作原理和关键技术参数。利用EDEM软件进行单因素仿真试验,确定影响排种合格率的相关因素;以穴播器转速、种层高度和毛刷轮与排种轮线速比为试验因素,以穴播器排种的合格率、漏播率、重播率为试验指标,进行二次回归正交旋转组合试验,并对试验结果进行参数优化;进行穴播器台架性能试验,验证仿真结果可靠性。试验表明:当穴播器转速为34.7r/min、毛刷轮与排种轮线速比为1.4、种层高度为180mm时,穴播器排种的合格率为98.2%,漏播率为0.64%,重播率为0.94%。研究结果可为油豆角穴播器播种性能研究及提高油豆角播种机作业质量提供参考。In view of the fact that there is no special hole planter for snap beans in the process of sowing,which leads to the problems of low qualified rate of sowing,high rate of missed sowing and high rate of replanting,and in the process of hole planting,it is easy to see the phenomenon of"reinforcing"caused by the duck's beak of the hole planter tearing and picking up the film,resulting in poor sowing quality,air leakage of the film and other problems.The structure and working principle of a kind of hole planter for soybean were determined,and the relevant technical parameters were determined.The single factor simulation test was carried out by using the EDEM software to determine the value range of the factors affecting the qualified rate of seed metering;Taking the speed of the hill planter,the height of the seed layer and the linear speed ratio of the brush wheel to the seed metering wheel as the test factors,and taking the qualified rate of the hill planter seed metering,the rate of missed seeding,and the rate of replanting as the test indicators,the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test was conducted to optimize the parameters;The optimized results were tested on the bench to verify the reliability of the simulation results.The results showed that when the qualified rate of seed metering was 98.2%,the rate of missed seeding was 0.64%,and the rate of replanting was 0.94%,the combination of the parameters was that the speed of the hole planter was 34.7r/min,the linear speed ratio of the brush wheel to the seed metering wheel was 1.4,and the seed layer height was 180 mm.This study provides a reference for the study of the sowing performance of the snap bean hole seeder and the improvement of the operation quality of the snap bean seeder.

关 键 词：油豆角 覆膜播种 穴播器 

分 类 号：S223.25[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S220.3[农业科学—农业工程]