宁夏引黄灌区10个品种小黑麦籽粒产量及营养价值评价  

Seed yield and nutritional value evaluation of different types of Triticale in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area

作　　者：魏向宇 王斌[1,2] 王腾飞 冯琴 倪旺 邓建强 WEI Xiangyu;WANG Bin;WANG Tengfei;FENG Qin;NI Wang;DENG Jianqiang(College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学林业与草业学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第7期1668-1678,共11页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(32201474);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)资助项目(NXYLXK2017A01);宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目(2020BBF02001)。

摘　　要：筛选适宜的小黑麦(×Triticale Wittmack)品种是宁夏引黄灌区畜牧业高质量发展的重要基础。本研究通过测定不同小黑麦的主要农艺性状、种子产量和营养品质,利用主成分分析法对10个小黑麦品种进行综合评价。结果表明,‘冀饲草3号’的株高最高,为171.17 cm,与‘鉴46’‘鉴12’和‘晋饲草1号’之间无显著差异(P>0.05);‘鉴46’的节数最多,为5.33;‘晋饲草1号’的穗长、穗重、小穗数、千粒重、穗粒重和种子产量均为最高,分别为14.32 cm、5.56 g、31.67、55.14 g、4.47 g和7478.95 kg·hm-2;小黑麦的籽粒粗脂肪含量介于2.77%~3.82%,籽粒粗蛋白含量介于12.31%~13.63%,其中‘冀饲草1号’的籽粒粗蛋白含量和粗脂肪含量均最高,分别为13.63%和3.82%;对小黑麦饲草营养品质而言,‘普瑞’的粗蛋白含量最高,为9.31%,‘晋饲草1号’的粗脂肪含量最高,为1.43%,‘优能’的粗灰分含量最高,为7.46%,‘甘农2号’的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量均最低,分别为57.07%和31.16%。经主成分分析得出,‘晋饲草1号’综合得分最高,相比于其他品种更适合在宁夏引黄灌区种植。Screening suitable×Triticale Wittmack varieties is an important basis for high-quality development of animal husbandry in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area.In this study,the main agronomic traits,seed yield,and nutritional quality of different triticale were measured,and 10 triticale varieties were evaluated in detail using Principal Component Analysis(PCA).The results showed that the highest plant height of‘Jisicao 3’was 171.17 cm,and there was no significant difference between‘Jian 46’‘Jian 12’and‘Jinsicao 1’(P>0.05).The number of nodes in‘Jian 46’was 5.33 at most.‘Jinsicao 1’had the highest spike length,spike weight,spikelets number,thousand grain weight,grain weight per spike,and seed yield,which were 14.32 cm,5.56 g,31.67,55.14 g,4.47 g,and 7478.95 kg·ha-1,respectively.The crude fat content of triticale grains ranged from 2.77%to 3.82%,and the crude protein content of grains ranged from 12.31%to 13.63%.Among these,‘Jisicao 1’had the highest crude protein content and crude fat content,which were 13.63%and 3.82%,respectively.For the nutritional quality of triticale forage,the crude protein content of‘Puri’was the highest(9.31%),the crude fat content of‘Jinsicao 1’was the highest(1.43%),and the crude ash content of‘Youneng’was the highest(7.46%).The neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents of‘Gannong 2’were the lowest,which were 57.07%and 31.16%,respectively.According to PCA,‘Jinsicao 1’had the highest comprehensive score and was more suitable for planting in the irrigated area of Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area compared with other varieties.

关 键 词：小黑麦 种子产量 产量构成因素 籽粒营养品质 饲草营养品质 相关性 综合评价 

分 类 号：S544.9[农业科学—作物学]