粤西北连州盆地构造演化对岩溶作用及岩溶塌陷的控制  

Control of tectonic evolution on karstification and karst collapse in the Lianzhou Basin,northwestern Guangdong Province

作　　者：樊燏 黄琨 段慧毓 林宇航 罗明明 万军伟 温汉辉 曲金才 张龙轩 FAN Yu;HUANG Kun;DUAN Huiyu;LIN Yuhang;LUO Mingming;WAN Junwei;WENHanhui;QU Jincai;ZHANG Longxuan(School of Environmental Studies,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430078,China;No.940 Branch of Geology Bureau for Nonferrous Metals of Guangdong Province,Qingyuan Guangdong 511500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,武汉430078 [2]广东省有色金属地质局九四○队,广东清远511500

出　　处：《地质科技通报》2024年第4期273-290,共18页Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42172276)。

摘　　要：目前对连州盆地中生代以来的形成演化及其与岩溶发育规律的响应关系尚缺乏系统性认识。基于最新地质调查、水文地质钻探、溶蚀试验和三维地质建模,结合已有地质资料,划分了盆地构造演化阶段并探讨了各阶段岩溶作用。前白垩纪,在地壳升降运动下沉积较强溶蚀能力碳酸盐岩,这为岩溶发育奠定了物质基础。印支运动促使垂向叠置地层形成EW向构造,燕山运动导致其横跨-斜跨叠加NE-SW向构造,这些地质构造控制碳酸盐岩地质结构和空间展布特征及溶蚀性能,山脉和水系分布确立,但岩溶整体不发育。白垩纪-古近纪发育陆内山间断陷汇流湖盆,地壳缓慢隆升加强了盆地周围岩溶作用,现保留早期岩溶台面。后期被冲洪积物埋藏-充填-固结成岩,岩溶基本停止发育,形成厚覆盖型红层盆地。新近纪以来,地壳快速抬升导致盆地四周山体不断抬高,河流深切,岩溶强烈发育,塑造多级岩溶台面。盆地内部分白垩系红层被剥蚀或切穿,岩溶作用复活,水系经多次变迁和贯通后,形成第四系浅覆盖型岩溶断陷盆地。构造演化控制岩溶发育规律,岩溶作用影响盆地内部结构,土体结构孕育岩溶地面塌陷。研究成果可为认识覆盖型岩溶区岩溶塌陷条件提供科学依据和指导。[Objective]There is still a lack of systematic understanding of the evolution process of the Lianzhou Basin since the Mesozoic and its response to karstic development.[Methods]Based on the comprehensive analysis of the latest field geological investigations,hydrogeological drilling,dissolution experiments,and three-dimensional geological modelling,the tectonic evolution stages of the basin can be divided,and the karstification of each stage can be discussed by considering the existing geological data.[Results]Before the Cretaceous,carbonate rocks with strong dissolution were successively deposited under the rise or fall movement of the crust,which laid a material foundation for karstic development.The Indosinian movement caused vertically multilayered strata to form an EW-trending structure,and the Yanshanian movement made the straddle-oblique superimposed a NE-SW-trending structure.They controlled the geological structures,spatial distribution,and dissolution behaviors of carbonate strata.And the distribution of mountains and river system were established.However,karst generally does not develop.An intracontinental and intermountain faulted confluence lake basin formed from the Cretaceous to the Palaeogene,the slow crustal uplift strengthened the karstification around the basin,and it currently retains the early karst platform.Later,they were buried-filled-consolidated by alluvial deposits;therefore,karst basically stopped developing,generating a thick-covered red strata basin.Since the Neogene,the rapid uplift of the crust has led to the continuous elevation of mountains around the basin,deepening of rivers,and strong development of karst,shaping multilevel karst platforms.When part of the Cretaceous red strata in the basin are denuded or cut through,karstification is reactivated.After many changes and penetrations of water systems,the graben basin formed,with karst strata covered by Quaternary sediments,Tectonic evolution controls karstic development,karstification influences the internal structure of the basi

关 键 词：连州盆地 构造演化 地壳活动 岩溶作用 岩溶塌陷 

分 类 号：P642.25[天文地球—工程地质学]